Table 1.
Characteristics of 207 hemodialysis participants with DN
| Characteristics | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Male | 142 | 68.6 |
| Female | 65 | 31.4 |
| Educational background | ||
| Primary school and below | 149 | 71.9 |
| Middle school | 31 | 14.9 |
| Secondary school | 24 | 11.7 |
| College and above | 3 | 1.5 |
| Having partner | ||
| Yes | 194 | 93.7 |
| No | 13 | 6.3 |
| Duration of hemodialysis (year) | ||
| 1~4 | 39 | 18.8 |
| 5~7 | 19 | 9.2 |
| 8~15 | 74 | 35.8 |
| 16~21 | 75 | 36.2 |
| Terminated hemodialysis in advance in the past month | ||
| Yes | 38 | 18.4 |
| No | 169 | 81.6 |
| Vascular access condition | ||
| Autologous fistula | 174 | 84.1 |
| Central cardiovascular | 11 | 5.3 |
| Central venous catheter | 22 | 10.6 |
| Having eaten during hemodialysis | ||
| Yes | 109 | 52.7 |
| No | 98 | 47.3 |
| Having hypotension during last hemodialysis | ||
| Yes | 67 | 32.4 |
| No | 140 | 67.6 |
| Current diabetes medication | ||
| Oral hypoglycemic agents | 30 | 14.5 |
| Insulin | 177 | 85.5 |
| Whether received health education on hypoglycemia | ||
| Yes | 113 | 54.6 |
| No | 94 | 45.4 |
| Whether measuring blood glucose regularly | ||
| Yes | 177 | 85.5 |
| No | 30 | 14.5 |
| Having hyperglycemia during the latest hemodialysis night | ||
| Yes | 112 | 54.1 |
| No | 95 | 45.9 |
| Blood potassium (mmol/L) | ||
| Disturbance of potassium metabolism (<3.5 or >5.5) | 114 | 55.1 |
| 3.5~5.5 | 93 | 44.9 |
| Blood phosphorus (mmol/L) | ||
| Disturbance of phosphorus metabolism (<0.81 or >1.45) | 107 | 51.7 |
| 0.81~1.45 | 100 | 48.3 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | ||
| Anemia (Male<120; Female<110 ) | 112 | 54.1 |
| Normal (Male ≥ 120; Female ≥ 110) | 95 | 45.9 |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/L) | ||
| Male<53 or >106; Female<44 or >97 | 124 | 59.9 |
| Male 53~106; Female 44~97 | 83 | 40.1 |
| Serum albumin (g/L) | ||
| <35 | 133 | 64.3 |
| ≥ 35 | 74 | 35.7 |
| Intact parathyroid hormone (µg/L) | ||
| <150 or >300 | 110 | 53.1 |
| 150~300 | 97 | 46.9 |