Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients With CRSwNP With or Without Asthma and NSAID-ERD.
| Exposed population (n = 447) | With asthma (n = 267) | Without asthma (n = 180) | P-value with vs without asthma | With NSAID-ERD (n = 120) | Without NSAID-ERD (n = 327) | P-value with vs without NSAID-ERD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), years | 51.96 (12.46) | 51.72 (12.57) | 52.33 (12.32) | NS | 49.63 (12.22) | 52.82 (12.46) | .016 |
| Female, n (%) | 169 (37.81) | 130 (48.69) | 39 (21.67) | <.0001 | 65 (54.17) | 104 (31.80) | <.0001 |
| Time since NP diagnosis, mean (SD), years | 10.95 (9.64) | 11.57 (9.96) | 10.03 (9.10) | NS | 12.02 (8.88) | 10.56 (9.89) | NS |
| Patients with prior surgery for NPs, n (%) | 261 (58.39) | 180 (67.42) | 81 (45.00) | <.0001 | 91 (75.83) | 170 (51.99) | <.0001 |
| Bilateral endoscopic NPS (scale 0-8), mean (SD) | 6.10 (1.22) | 6.14 (1.19) | 6.05 (1.25) | NS | 6.11 (1.21) | 6.10 (1.22) | NS |
| Nasal congestion score (scale 0-3), mean (SD) | 2.44 (0.58) | 2.44 (0.59) | 2.44 (0.58) | NS | 2.46 (0.60) | 2.43 (0.58) | NS |
| Lund–Mackay CT score (scale 0-24), mean (SD) | 17.97 (3.76) | 18.87 (3.47) | 16.62 (3.77) | <.0001 | 19.26 (3.05) | 17.50 (3.88) | <.0001 |
| FEV1, mean (SD), L | 2.81 (0.85) | 2.57 (0.83) | 3.17 (0.75) | <.0001 | 2.57 (0.83) | 2.90 (0.84) | <.0001 |
| ACQ-6 score (scale 0-6), mean (SD) | 1.57 (1.09) | 1.58 (1.09) | 0.33 (NA) | NA | 1.59 (1.11) | 1.56 (1.08) | NS |
| Blood biomarkers, mean (SD) [median (Q1 to Q3)] | |||||||
| Blood eosinophils, Giga/L | 0.43 (0.35) [0.34 (0.21-0.54)] | 0.51 (0.39) [0.42 (0.27-0.64)] | 0.31 (0.24) [0.24 (0.16-0.40)] | <.0001 | 0.51 (0.43) [0.37 (0.26-0.59)] | 0.40 (0.32) [0.33 (0.19-0.52)] | .007 |
| Serum TARC, pg/mL | 364.98 (256.87) [296.50 (200.00-431.00)] | 385.48 (262.00) [316.00 (218.00-451.00)] | 334.63 (246.70) [267.00 (188.00-399.00)] | .006 | 366.75 (276.73) [283.50 (217.50-423.50)] | 364.32 (249.57) [305.50 (198.00-438.00)] | NS |
| Plasma eotaxin-3, pg/mL | 81.69 (117.61) [62.05 (41.60-93.20)] | 81.50 (76.69) [71.05 (42.50-99.10)] | 81.97 (160.67) [55.15 (39.80-84.60)] | .008 | 83.83 (63.90) [75.30 (42.30-101.00)] | 80.91 (132.00) [59.40 (41.60-89.00)] | .04 |
| Serum total IgE, IU/mL | 239.84 (341.53) [126.50 (54.00-285.00)] | 263.90 (331.58) [151.00 (65.00-316.00)] | 203.94 (353.76) [95.00 (41.00-220.00)] | .001 | 219.13 (251.87) [134.00 (73.00-259.00)] | 247.46 (369.15) [118.50 (48.00-294.00)] | NS |
| Serum periostin, ng/mL | 109.80 (47.76) [102.00 (74.80-134.00)] | 117.86 (51.83) [109.00 (81.10-142.00)] | 97.70 (37.93) [88.45 (68.50-120.00)] | <.0001 | 124.17 (54.04) [117.00 (85.00-148.00)] | 104.55 (44.18) [97.50 (72.40-125.00)] | .0002 |
| Nasal secretion biomarkers, mean (SD) [median (Q1 to Q3)] | |||||||
| ECP, ng/µg total protein | 0.023 (0.021) [0.015 (0.008-0.035)] | 0.026 (0.020) [0.021 (0.010-0.037)] | 0.02 (0.023) [0.010 (0.005-0.027)] | .02 | 0.029 (0.023) [0.024 (0.010-0.040)] | 0.021 (0.021) [0.014 (0.005-0.033)] | .026 |
| Eotaxin-3, pg/µg total protein | 0.020 (0.023) [0.013 (0.005-0.027)] | 0.024 (0.024) [0.015 (0.007-0.037)] | 0.016 (0.020) [0.008 (0.002-0.018)] | .005 | 0.027 (0.023) [0.019 (0.010-0.042)] | 0.018 (0.022) [0.011 (0.003-0.021)] | .008 |
| Total IgE, IU/µg total protein | 0.011 (0.021) [0.005 (0.003-0.011)] | 0.013 (0.027) [0.006 (0.004-0.012)] | 0.007 (0.010) [0.005 (0.002-0.007)] | .014 | 0.010 (0.010) [0.005 (0.004-0.011)] | 0.011 (0.024) [0.005 (0.002-0.011)] | NS |
| Periostin, ng/µg total protein | 0.179 (0.204) [0.090 (0.022-0.259)] | 0.233 (0.228) [0.197 (0.042-0.351)] | 0.115 (0.150) [0.045 (0.010-0.167)] | .0005 | 0.257 (0.244) [0.231 (0.069-0.371)] | 0.150 (0.180) [0.065 (0.015-0.236)] | .005 |
| IL-5, pg/µg total protein | 0.006 (0.010) [0.002 (0.000-0.007)] | 0.008 (0.012) [0.004 (0.001-0.011)] | 0.003 (0.007) [0.001 (0.000-0.003)] | .0014 | 0.011 (0.014) [0.005 (0.002-0.014)] | 0.004 (0.008) [0.001 (0.000-0.004)] | .0002 |
| Urinary biomarkers, mean (SD) [median (Q1 to Q3)] | |||||||
| LTE4, pg/mg creatinine | 180.25 (238.97) [90.10 (45.67-216.22)] | 231.05 (274.70) [128.86 (60.75-287.51)] | 104.35 (142.41) [58.08 (32.88-107.84)] | <.0001 | 350.56 (346.50) [222.72 (126.14-480.71)] | 117.18 (139.01) [68.68 (39.57-126.67)] | <.0001 |
| PGDM, pg/mg creatinine | 2153.27 (1270.58) [1923.89 (1226.44- 2675.05)] | 2162.07 (1207.29) [1966.14 (1238.83- 2759.57)] | 2140.09 (1363.26) [1880.99 (1225.09- 2593.80)] | NS | 2218.38 (1161.45) [2073.42 (1197.44- 2844.72)] | 2129.28 (1309.39) [1880.99 (1226.44- 2593.80)] | NS |
Note. Analyses were exploratory with nominal P-values without correction for multiplicity based on t-test for continuous variables in demographic characteristics, Wilcoxon rank sum test for biomarkers, and chi-square test for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: ACQ-6, 6-item Asthma Control Questionnaire; CRSwNP, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; CT, computed tomography; ECP, eosinophil cationic protein; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; IgE, immunoglobulin E; IL-5, interleukin-5; IU, international units; LTE4, leukotriene E4; NA, not assessed; NP, nasal polyp; NPS, nasal polyps score; NS, not significant; NSAID-ERD, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease; PGDM, prostaglandin D2 metabolite; Q1, quartile 1; Q3, quartile 3; SD, standard deviation; TARC, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine.