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. 2023 Oct 13;11(10):e968. doi: 10.1002/iid3.968

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© 2023 The Authors. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comparison of interferon (IFN)‐α and ‐β receptor subunit 1 (IFNAR1) (A), IFNAR2 (B), IFN regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) (C), interferon‐stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) (D), interferon‐stimulated gene 56 (ISG56) (E), IFN‐α‐inducible protein 27 (IFI27) (F), interleukin (IL)‐6 (G), IL‐10 (H), transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) (I) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels before (T0) and 12 days after monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) treatment (T1) between vaccinated (vax) and unvaccinated (no vax) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐infected patients. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test for unpaired samples and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test for paired samples. *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001; ****p < .0001.