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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Mean (±SEM) testosterone levels for senescent (3 individuals) and reproductive (2 individuals) Octopus bimaculoides males from pre-swab sampling until 2 h after stress test. The circle indicates an elevated response in testosterone that is at least 2-fold above the pre-swab sample.