Table 1.
Characteristics of clinical studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Author, Year | Control | Subjects (n) | Patient Characteristics 1 | Method for RAGE | OR (95% CI) 2 | p-Value 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aboushousha, 2019 [36] | BPH, prostatitis | PCa = 51 BPH = 20 prostatitis = 16 |
Treatment-naïve | IHC | 22.5 (6.43–83.6) | <0.0001 |
| Akkus, 2020 [37] | BPH | LPCa or MetPCa = 133 BPH = 64 |
Metastatic and localized, radical prostatectomy | IHC | 86.3 (13.8–3508) | <0.0001 |
| Foster, 2014 [38] | Healthy prostate | PCa = 26 | Not listed | IHC | 32 (1.04–1762) | 0.01 |
| Hermani, 2005 [39] | BPH, healthy prostate | PCa = 75 BPH = 56 Healthy prostate = 18 |
Radical prostatectomy | IHC | 31.8 (7.39–280) | <0.0001 |
| Ishiguro, 2005 [40] | BPH, healthy prostate | PCa = 43 BPH/healthy prostate = 43 |
Treatment-naïve and hormone refractory | RT-PCR | 2.12 (0.826–5.50) | 0.08 |
| Konopka, 2020 [24] | none | PCa = 10 | Radical prostatectomy | Western Blot | N/A | N/A |
| Kuniyasu, 2003 [41] | None | LPCa = 18 MetPCa = 22 |
Metastatic and non-metastatic, non-treatment-naïve | IHC | 47.7 (6.39–2015) | <0.0001 |
| Ravenna, 2009 [42] | Healthy prostate | PCa = 20 | Not listed | IHC | 7.44 (1.57–39.5) | 0.003 |
| Zhao, 2014 [43] | BPH | PCa = 85 BPH = 30 |
Metastatic and non-metastatic, treatment-naïve | IHC | 4.25 (1.59–11.31) | 0.001 |
1 Description of treatment status, sample source, or localized vs. metastatic PCa. 2 Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) calculated from case-control outcomes. 3 Bolded p-values indicate significance (p < 0.05). Abbreviations: benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer (PCa), localized prostate cancer (LPCa), metastatic prostate cancer (MetPCa), immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). N/A: not applicable.