Figure A1.

UTUC Work-up Flowsheet: a proposed work-up and approach to the management of UTUC. Low-risk UTUC refers to localized, low-grade tumors with small volume, papillary architecture, limited depth of invasion (non-invasive or lamina propria only), and lack of aggressive features like carcinoma in situ, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastases, or radiographic evidence of advanced disease. High-risk UTUC refers to tumors with aggressive features like high-grade disease (G3), carcinoma in situ (CIS), large size (>2 cm), infiltrative architecture, multifocality, advanced local extent on imaging, muscularis propria invasion or beyond (≥pT2), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), lymph node involvement or metastases (pN1–3 or M1), or high volume even if low stage/grade.