Table A4.
Prediction targets and ground-truth conditions for medical tests in motor ability domain.
| Variable | Description | Pilot Study | Prediction Target and Condition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domain I—Mobility, general motor or physical function | |||
| 6 min walk test | Exercise test assessing walking endurance and aerobic capacity |
MS | 3-way classification - reduction/no-change/increase with respect to previous assessment |
| T25-FW | A quantitative mobility and leg function performance test based on a timed 25 step walk |
MS, Stroke | binary classification - classify between normal walking (T25-FW ≤ 4.4 s) and abnormal walking (T25-FW ≥ 4.4 s) - predict whether change ≥ 17.8% compared to previous assessment |
| Stabilometry | Use of a computerized platform for stabilometric (body sway), as well as posturometric (center of pressure during quiet standing) examination |
MS | binary classification - normal (sway area ≤ 200 mm) - abnormal (sway area > 200 mm) |
| Romberg Test | Test to asses the patient’s balance using joint position, proprioception, and vestibular stimuli without visual aid |
Stroke | binary classification - positive (existence of proprioception disorder) - negative (minimal or no swaying) |
| Berg Balance Scale | Determine patient’s ability to safely balance during a series of 14 predetermined tasks, each having a 0–4 ordinal rating |
PD | binary classification - fall risk (BBS < 52) versus no fall risk (BBS ≥ 52) - change ≥ 3 points compared to previous assessment |
| MS | binary classification - fall risk (BBS < 45) versus no fall risk (BBS ≥ 45) - change ≥ 3 points compared to previous assessment |
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| Stroke | binary classification - fall risk (BBS < 44) versus no fall risk (BBS ≥ 44) - change ≥ 3 points compared to previous assessment |
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| NHPT | 9-HPT is a brief, standardized, quantitative test of upper extremity function |
MS | 3-way classification - normal function (NHPT ≤ 18 s) - had dysfunction (18 s < NHPT ≤ 33.2 s) - severe dysfunction (NHPT > 33.2 s) binary classification - change ≥ 4.38 s compared to previous assessment |
| Stroke | 3-way classification - normal function (NHPT ≤ 18 s) - had dysfunction (18 s < NHPT ≤ 33.2 s) - severe dysfunction (NHPT > 33.2 s) binary classification - change ≥ 32.8 s compared to previous assessment |
||
| MRC | Quantify the muscle strength of a particular muscle group in relation to the movement of a single joint |
MS, Stroke | 6-way classification - 0: No movement—0/5 MRC - 1: Flicker of movement—1/5 MRC - 2: Through full range actively with gravity counterbalanced—2/5 MRC - 3: Through full range actively against gravity—3/5 MRC - 4: Through full range actively against some resistance—4/5 MRC - 5: Through full range actively against strong resistance—5/5 MRC |
| Modified Ashworth | Measure spasticity in patients who suffered a stroke |
MS, Stroke | 5-way classification of muscle tone - 0: no increase - 1: slight increase - 2: marked increase - 3: considerable increase - 4: affected parts rigid in flexion or tension |
| MDS-UPDRS II | Standard PD scale of report of activities of daily living (ADL) based on motor activity |
PD | binary classification - increase of >6 points compared to a previous assessment |
| Domain I—Mobility, general motor or physical function | |||
| MDS-UPDRS III | Standard PD scale of motor performance |
PD | binary classification - increase of >6 points compared to a previous assessment |
| MDS-UPDRS IV | Standard PD scale of motor fluctuations and dyskinesias |
PD | binary classification - increase of >2 points compared to a previous assessment |
| HOEHN YAHR | PD scale measuring global motor function by report |
PD | binary classification - increase of >1 points compared to a previous assessment |
| SCOPA-Autonomic | PD scale measuring various aspects of autonomic function |
PD | binary classification - increase of >10 points compared to a previous assessment |
| Laboratory Investigation of Autonomic Function |
Various neurophysiological tests to assess the sympathetic and parasympathetic responses to various stimuli |
PD | binary classification - increase of 20% compared to a previous assessment |
| Daily rating of motor complications |
Relevant questions about motor complications (dyskinesias and off periods) reported by the patient |
PD | binary classification - predict 2 point increase in devised scale |
| Diary of motor condition | Recording of severity level of dyskinesias and off periods, at 30 min intervals, during the intense monitoring period |
PD | binary classification - predict 20% increase in off time or dyskinesias |
| EDSS | The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) quantifies disability in multiple sclerosis and monitors changes in disability level over time |
MS | 4-way classification - minimal disability (0–2.5) - mild disability (3–5.5) - moderate disability (6–7.5) - severe disability (>7.5) binary classification - change vs. no change compared to previous milestone |