TABLE 1. Demographic and Workforce Characteristics of the Big Cities Health Coalition Governmental Public Health Workforce, 2017 and 2021a.
| 2017 | 2021 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genderb | ||||
| Man | 24 | 23-25 | 22 | 21-24 |
| Woman | 75 | 74-76 | 76 | 75-77 |
| Some other way | 1 | 1-1 | 2 | 2-2 |
| Race and ethnicityb | ||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0-0 | 1 | 0-1 |
| Asian | 12 | 12-13 | 15 | 14-16 |
| Black or African American | 22 | 21-23 | 24 | 22-25 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 26 | 25-27 | 24 | 23-25 |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 1 | 1-1 | 0 | 0-1 |
| White | 33 | 31-34 | 32 | 31-33 |
| Two or more races | 7 | 6-7 | 5 | 5-6 |
| Race and ethnicity collapsed | ||||
| White | 33 | 31-34 | 32 | 31-33 |
| BIPOC | 67 | 66-69 | 68 | 67-69 |
| Age, yb | ||||
| Up to 25 | 3 | 2-3 | 3 | 3-4 |
| 26-34 | 19 | 18-20 | 19 | 18-21 |
| 35-44 | 24 | 23-25 | 27 | 26-29 |
| 44-54 | 27 | 26-28 | 24 | 23-25 |
| 55-64 | 23 | 22-24 | 21 | 19-22 |
| 65-74 | 5 | 4-5 | 5 | 4-5 |
| ≥75 | 0 | 0-0 | 0 | 0-1 |
| Age collapsed, yb | ||||
| <31 | 12 | 11-13 | 13 | 12-14 |
| 31+ | 88 | 87-89 | 87 | 86-88 |
| Highest educational degree attainedb | ||||
| No college degree | 16 | 15-17 | 11 | 10-12 |
| Associates | 11 | 10-11 | 8 | 7-8 |
| Bachelors | 36 | 35-37 | 35 | 34-37 |
| Masters | 31 | 30-32 | 38 | 37-40 |
| Doctoral | 6 | 6-7 | 8 | 7-8 |
| Public health degree (bach/mast/doc) | ||||
| Yes | 19 | 18-20 | 20 | 19-21 |
| Supervisory statusb | ||||
| Nonsupervisors | 73 | 72-74 | 71 | 70-72 |
| Supervisors, managers, and executives | 27 | 26-28 | 29 | 28-30 |
| Employment statusb | ||||
| Contractor providing third-party services to the health department | 2 | 1-2 | 7 | 6-8 |
| Permanent staff employed directly by the health department | 95 | 94-95 | 85 | 84-86 |
| Intern employed directly by the health department | 1 | 0-1 | 1 | 0-1 |
| Temporary staff employed directly by the health department | 3 | 3-4 | 7 | 6-7 |
| Federal employee detailed to the health department | 0 | ... | 0 | 0-1 |
| Tenure in current position, yb | ||||
| 0-5 | 59 | 58-60 | 66 | 65-67 |
| 6-10 | 16 | 15-17 | 14 | 13-15 |
| 11-15 | 10 | 10-11 | 7 | 7-8 |
| 16-20 | 8 | 7-9 | 6 | 5-6 |
| 21+ | 7 | 6-7 | 7 | 7-8 |
| Tenure in current agency, yb | ||||
| 0-5 | 43 | 42-44 | 51 | 49-52 |
| 6-10 | 17 | 16-18 | 17 | 16-18 |
| 11-15 | 14 | 13-15 | 11 | 10-12 |
| 16-20 | 13 | 12-13 | 9 | 8-10 |
| 21+ | 14 | 13-15 | 13 | 12-13 |
| Tenure in public health practice, yb | ||||
| 0-5 | 30 | 29-31 | 35 | 34-37 |
| 6-10 | 18 | 17-19 | 19 | 18-20 |
| 11-15 | 15 | 14-16 | 14 | 13-15 |
| 16-20 | 14 | 13-15 | 11 | 10-12 |
| 21+ | 23 | 21-24 | 20 | 19-21 |
| Tenure in public health management, yb | ||||
| 0-5 | 31 | 27-34 | 37 | 33-41 |
| 6-10 | 22 | 19-25 | 25 | 21-28 |
| 11-15 | 19 | 16-22 | 14 | 11-17 |
| 16-20 | 14 | 12-17 | 13 | 10-16 |
| 21+ | 15 | 12-18 | 12 | 10-14 |
| Annualized salaryb | ||||
| <$25 000 | 1 | 0-1 | 0 | 0-0 |
| $25 000-$35 000 | 9 | 9-10 | 3 | 3-4 |
| $35 000.01-$45 000 | 16 | 15-17 | 10 | 9-10 |
| $45 000.01-$55 000 | 16 | 15-17 | 13 | 12-14 |
| $55 000.01-$65 000 | 14 | 13-15 | 14 | 13-15 |
| $65 000.01-$75 000 | 11 | 10-12 | 13 | 12-14 |
| $75 000.01-$85 000 | 10 | 10-11 | 11 | 10-12 |
| $85 000.01-$95 000 | 8 | 7-8 | 10 | 10-11 |
| $95 000.01-$105 000 | 6 | 6-7 | 9 | 8-10 |
| $105 000.01-$115 000 | 4 | 3-4 | 6 | 5-6 |
| $115 000.01-$125 000 | 2 | 2-2 | 3 | 3-4 |
| $125 000.01-$135 000 | 1 | 1-1 | 3 | 2-3 |
| $135 000.01-$145 000 | 1 | 0-1 | 2 | 1-2 |
| >$145 000 | 2 | 1-2 | 4 | 3-4 |
| Job classification (categories)b | ||||
| Administrative | 33 | 32-35 | 27 | 26-28 |
| Clinical and lab | 27 | 26-28 | 27 | 25-28 |
| Public health sciences | 37 | 36-38 | 44 | 43-45 |
| Social services and all other | 3 | 3-3 | 2 | 2-3 |
| Primary program area (categories)b | ||||
| Chronic disease and injury | 6 | 6-7 | 5 | 4-5 |
| Communicable disease | 14 | 13-15 | 29 | 28-30 |
| Environmental health | 13 | 12-13 | 8 | 7-9 |
| Maternal and child health | 14 | 13-15 | 10 | 9-11 |
| Other health care | 11 | 10-11 | 17 | 16-19 |
| All hazards | 2 | 1-2 | 2 | 1-2 |
| Assessment | 9 | 8-10 | 7 | 6-7 |
| Communications | 5 | 4-5 | 2 | 1-2 |
| Organizational competencies | 20 | 19-21 | 17 | 16-18 |
| Other | 7 | 6-8 | 4 | 3-4 |
Abbreviation: BIPOC, Black, Indigenous, and people of color.
aEstimates shown as estimate (95% confidence interval) by year.
bStatistically significant differences, in aggregate, across years for a given item at P < .05.