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. 2023 Oct 8;24(19):14999. doi: 10.3390/ijms241914999

Table 1.

Summary of pulses parameters in examined exposure protocols and measured temperature increase (ΔT). PRR = pulse repetition rate (Hz); NA = not applicable, as the temperature increase was insignificant (below 1 °C). Number of independent experiments (N) in ZAP was equal to 1. For all experiments number of biological replicates (n) was ≥6.

Pulse
Duration d (ns)
Number of Pulses N Cumulative Time
Duration D (μs)
Total
Exposure Duration t (s)
Absorbed Energy Density u (mJ/mm3) in HBSS Temperature Increase-ΔT (°C) in HBSS Absorbed Energy Density u (mJ/mm3) in ZAP Temperature Increase-ΔT (°C) in ZAP E-Field
Intensity
in HBSS (kV/cm)
E-field
Intensity in ZAP (kV/cm)
Number of Independent Experiments
HBSS (N)
Protocol 1
(PRR = 20 Hz) 2 500 1 25 140 3.8 ± 0.2 16 NA 100 90 3
4 500 2 25 280 5.7 ± 0.3 32 NA 100 90 3
6 500 3 25 420 9.1 ± 1.8 47 NA 100 90 3
8 500 4 25 560 10.8 ± 2.2 65 NA 100 90 3
10 500 5 25 700 15.1± 2.7 81 1.1 ± 0.2 100 90 3
Protocol 2
(PRR = 200 Hz) 2 500 1 2.5 140 12.6 ± 0.8 16 1.2 ± 0.1 100 90 2
6 500 3 2.5 420 32.2 ± 0.7 47 2.5 ± 0.1 100 90 2
10 500 5 2.5 700 46.8 ± 3.9 81 4.4 ± 0.2 100 90 2
Protocol 3
(PRR = 20 Hz) 2 2500 5 125 700 8.5 ± 1.5 81 NA 100 90 3
6 833 5 41.6 700 15.2 ± 1.9 81 NA 100 90 3
10 500 5 25 700 16.8 ± 2.2 81 1.1 ± 0.2 100 90 3
Protocol 4
(PRR = 200 Hz) 2 2500 5 12.5 700 22.0 ± 2.2 81 3.2 ± 0.1 100 90 2
6 833 5 4.16 700 42.8 ± 1.4 81 3.7 ± 0.4 100 90 2
10 500 5 2.5 700 46.8 ± 3.9 81 4.4 ± 0.2 100 90 2