Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | TyG | p-Value * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Low | High | ||
| (≤9.59) | (>9.59) | |||
| (n = 715) | (n = 453) | (n = 262) | ||
| Demographic features and risk factors | ||||
| Age; median, (IQR) | 55 (49–62) | 54 (48–61) | 57 (50–65) | <0.001 |
| Male; n (%) | 415 (58) | 252 (55.2) | 163 (62.2) | 0.069 |
| Hypertension; n (%) | 305 (42.6) | 176 (38.8) | 129 (49.2) | 0.012 |
| HL; n (%) | 165 (24.5) | 101 (23.7) | 64 (25.9) | 0.511 |
| Smoking; n (%) | 41 (5.7) | 23 (5.2) | 18 (6.8) | 0.255 |
| Family history of CAD; n (%) | 109 (15.2) | 73 (16.1) | 36 (13.7) | 0.364 |
| BMI | 23.6 (22.7–24.6) | 23.7 (22.5–24.4) | 23.7 (23.0–24.3) | 0.315 |
| Angiographic results, n (%) | ||||
| CAD-RADS (3, 4a, 4b, 5); n (%) | 257 (35.9) | 58 (12.8) | 199 (75.9) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L; Median (IQR) | 4.49 (3.91–5.25) | 4.23 (3.72–4.70) | 5.13 (4.60–5.84) | 0.567 |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L; Median (IQR) | 2.09 (1.62–2.63) | 1.74(1.21–2.10) | 2.77 (2.41–3.44) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L; Median (IQR) | 1.14 (1.02–1.31) | 1.19(1.03–1.31) | 1.12(0.98–1.31) | 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L; Median (IQR) | 3.03 (2.31–3.60) | 2.5 (2.0–3.4) | 3.2 (2.4–3.7) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL; Median (IQR) | 0.81 (0.72–0.93) | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.83 (0.74–0.91) | 0.014 |
| e-GFR, mL/min/1.73 m2; Median (IQR) | 92 (85–101) | 93 (87–102) | 91 (82–101) | 0.003 |
| Glucose, mg/dL; Median (IQR) | 114 (102–129) | 108 (96–122) | 125 (114–157) | <0.001 |
| WBC, 103/dL; Median (IQR) | 7.7 (6.6–9.3) | 7.4 (6.5–8.9) | 8.6 (7.0–9.9) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL; Median (IQR) | 13.7 (12.7–14.8) | 13.9 (12.6–14.9) | 14 (12.9–15.3) | 0.341 |
| Platelet count, 103/dL; Median (IQR) | 260 (231–294) | 253 (225–284) | 275 (251–305) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte, cells/µL, Median (IQR) | 2.2 (1.9–2.5) | 2.3 (1.8–2.5) | 2.1 (1.9–2.3) | <0.001 |
| Monocytes, cells/µL; Median (IQR) | 0.61 (0.53–0.75) | 0.6 (0.51–0.72) | 0.65 (0.53–0.81) | 0.003 |
| Neutrophils, cells/µL; Median (IQR) | 4.4 (3.8–5.4) | 4.2 (3.7–4.8) | 5.2 (4.5–6.5) | <0.001 |
| CRP, mg/L; Median (IQR) | 5.4 (4.2–7.9) | 4.9 (3.9–6.1) | 7.6 (5.5–9.3) | <0.001 |
| Albumin, g/dl; Median (IQR) | 4.6 (4.4–4.7) | 4.4 (4.4–4.7) | 4.6 (4.5–4.7) | 0.003 |
| Medications prescribed at discharge, n (%) | ||||
| Antiplatelets, n (%) | 545 (76.2) | 340 (75.0) | 205 (78.2) | 0.901 |
| B-blockers, n (%) | 350 (48.9) | 218 (48.1) | 132 (50.3) | 0.801 |
| ACEIs or ARBs | 210 (29.3) | 125 (27.5) | 85 (32.4) | 0.855 |
| OAD, n (%) | 183 (25.5) | 119 (26.2) | 64 (24.4) | 0.948 |
| Antihyperlipidemic, n (%) | 165 (23.0) | 104 (22.9) | 61 (23.2) | 0.645 |
| Statins, n (%) | 155 (21.6) | 98 (21.6) | 57 (21.7) | 0.763 |
| Fenofibrate, n (%) | 10 (1.3) | 6 (1.3) | 4 (1.5) | 0.851 |
Values are presented as numbers (n) and percentages (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range, 25th–75th percentiles). For continuous data, the p-value was calculated using the independent samples t-test or the Mann–Whitney U-test, and for categorical variables, the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. * p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Abbreviations: ACEIs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; CAD, coronary artery disease; CAD-RADS, Coronary Artery Disease–Reporting and Data System; CRP, C-reactive protein; e-GFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HL, hyperlipidemia; IQR, interquartile range; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; OAD, oral antidiabetic drug; WBC, white blood cell.