Table 4.
Post-intervention changes in each quality-of-life parameter (placebo group: n = 35; active group: n = 32).
| Week 0 | Week 8 | Week 12 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p-Value | Mean (SD) | p-Value | ||
| Physical functioning | Placebo | 52.2 (5.4) | 51.7 (6.0) | 0.682 | 52.8 (4.8) | 0.633 |
| Active | 53.2 (5.0) | 53.6 (4.0) | 0.660 | 53.7 (5.1) | 0.556 | |
| ∆ Physical functioning | Placebo | −0.6 (5.4) | 0.115 | 0.6 (4.0) | 0.473 | |
| Active | 0.4 (3.0) | 0.5 (3.1) | ||||
| Role physical | Placebo | 52.8 (5.6) | 53.6 (5.1) | 0.534 | 53.6 (5.5) | 0.471 |
| Active | 53.3 (6.8) | 53.7 (4.7) | 0.873 | 54 (4.4) | 0.710 | |
| ∆ Role physical | Placebo | 0.8 (4.3) | 0.895 | 0.9 (6.0) | 0.777 | |
| Active | 0.4 (7.2) | 0.7 (6.0) | ||||
| Bodily pain | Placebo | 49.9 (8.8) | 48.6 (7.9) | 0.472 | 49.3 (10.1) | 0.825 |
| Active | 50.9 (10.3) | 50.9 (9.2) | 1.000 | 51.8 (9.4) | 0.648 | |
| ∆ Bodily pain | Placebo | −1.4 (6.8) | 0.273 | −0.7 (9.6) | 0.296 | |
| Active | 0.0 (6.2) | 0.9 (7.7) | ||||
| General health perceptions | Placebo | 58.2 (6.9) | 57.2 (6.9) | 0.256 | 58.2 (6.8) | 1.000 |
| Active | 57.1 (6.8) | 57.5 (7.1) | 0.846 | 57.2 (8.0) | 0.981 | |
| ∆ General health perceptions | Placebo | −1.0 (4.3) | 0.877 | 0.0 (4.7) | 0.575 | |
| Active | 0.4 (3.9) | 0.1 (5.2) | ||||
| Vitality | Placebo | 55.5 (7.0) | 55.8 (7.7) | 0.930 | 56.0 (6.2) | 0.854 |
| Active | 56.8 (6.7) | 57.2 (6.2) | 0.862 | 57.0 (6.4) | 0.963 | |
| ∆ Vitality | Placebo | 0.3 (6.6) | 0.443 | 0.5 (6.5) | 0.535 | |
| Active | 0.4 (5.0) | 0.2 (5.6) | ||||
| Social functioning | Placebo | 54.2 (6.6) | 55.3 (6.3) | 0.423 | 55.0 (6.3) | 0.632 |
| Active | 53.5 (7.0) | 55.1 (5.7) | 0.183 | 55.2 (5.2) | 0.128 | |
| ∆ Social functioning | Placebo | 1.1 (5.1) | 0.877 | 0.8 (7.0) | 0.850 | |
| Active | 1.6 (6.7) | 1.8 (5.6) | ||||
| Role emotional | Placebo | 52.8 (6.3) | 54.9 (4.5) | 0.041 | 54.6 (4.3) | 0.093 |
| Active | 54.4 (5.1) | 53.8 (4.8) | 0.779 | 54.9 (4.2) | 0.783 | |
| ∆ Role emotional | Placebo | 2.1 (6.1) | 0.332 | 1.8 (6.3) | 0.720 | |
| Active | −0.6 (7.2) | 0.6 (3.2) | ||||
| Mental health | Placebo | 56.9 (4.4) | 57.6 (5.5) | 0.663 | 57.6 (6.9) | 0.718 |
| Active | 57.1 (6.7) | 57.1 (6.5) | 0.993 | 57.5 (5.4) | 0.775 | |
| ∆ Mental health | Placebo | 0.7 (6.1) | 0.732 | 0.7 (5.2) | 0.982 | |
| Active | 0.1 (5.1) | 0.5 (4.4) | ||||
All data are presented as mean (SD) of SF-36v2® scores. Data at week 8 and week 12 were compared with those at week 0 using Dunnett’s test. Comparisons between the placebo and active groups were calculated as changes from week 0, indicated by the “Δ” symbol, and tested using the unpaired t-test.