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. 2023 Jan 23;28(5):1902–1918. doi: 10.1038/s41380-023-01949-9

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© The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2023

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Fig. 3 — Cognitive deficits in individuals who develop schizophrenia are apparent in childhood and do not appear to increase markedly in the initial phase of the illness. While CHR individuals as a group score higher than FEP individuals, longitudinal studies do not provide clear evidence for a decline over the period of transition to psychosis. The decline in cognitive function that occurs in later life in healthy individuals is evident at an earlier age in individuals with schizophrenia, potentially related to neurovascular factors.