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. 2023 Sep 29;14:1182114. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1182114

Table 2.

Mean score comparison between T1 and T2.

Variable T1 (N = 591) T2 (N = 474) Welch’s t
Mean SD Mean SD t Cohen’s d p-value
Vaccinationa 55.6 35.4 79.4 30.8 11.08 0.71 0.013
Risk perception
Vulnerability 35.36 23.90 34.98 24.93 −0.25 −0.02 0.959
Probability of occurrence 56.60 23.00 56.93 22.69 0.23 0.001 0.959
Severity 64.24 28.03 65.64 26.51 0.81 0.05 0.838
Total 46.34 18.73 46.17 19.37 −0.14 −0.01 0.959
Control 58.79 24.39 58.22 24.74 −0.37 −0.02 0.959
MAVA
DPA 56.46 25.472 57.85 24.36 0.88 0.06 0.838
APA 36.70 25.784 37.73 24.54 0.65 0.04 0.838
DNA 52.55 28.710 51.35 27.49 −0.68 −0.04 0.838
ANA 48.40 26.401 45.48 25.62 −1.77 −0.11 0.500
Trust in institutions
Health institutions 3.68 0.903 3.72 0.86 0.83 0.05 0.838
Political institutions 2.39 0.960 2.33 0.93 −0.55 −0.03 0.838
Total 3.04 0.748 3.04 0.73 0.01 >0.01 0.996
a

Welch t-test was conducted instead of student t-test due to a heterogeneity of variances (see Supplementary Table S1).

MAVA, measurement of affectivity: valence/activation; DNA, deactivated negative affect; ANA, activated negative affect; DPA, deactivated positive affect; APA: activated positive affect.