Table 3. Amino acid profiles of sea cucumber and sea cucumber viscera (%).
| Species | Parameters | References | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leu* | His* | Lys* | Arg | Val* | Ile* | Thr* | Phe* | Met* | Tyr | Asp | Ala | Pro | Gly | Gln | Ser | Cys | ||
| Whole sea cucumber | ||||||||||||||||||
| A. mauritiana | 1.58 | 0.65 | 3.52 | 0.99 | 2.13 | 0.43 | 2.19 | 0.99 | 0.42 | 0.33 | 4.48 | 6.45 | 0.24 | 18.80 | 5.25 | 2.11 | – | Omran (2013) |
| H. arenicola | 5.19 | 1.41 | 2.06 | 6.12 | 2.94 | 3.37 | 4.59 | 2.80 | 0.43 | 2.45 | 15.71 | 11.72 | 7.56 | 17.33 | 11.77 | 4.54 | – | Haider et al. (2015) |
| H. leucospilota | 1.86 | 0.36 | 0.73 | 1.71 | 1.51 | 0.49 | 2.73 | 0.75 | 0.19 | 0.49 | 4.65 | 5.80 | 0.14 | 19.17 | 5.64 | 2.33 | – | Omran (2013) |
| H. mammata | 3.70 | 2.00 | 2.20 | 6.80 | 3.70 | 2.00 | 3.30 | 3.30 | 1.00 | 7.10 | 5.30 | 12.20 | 8.20 | 11.80 | 12.10 | 3.20 | 8.20 | Gonzales-Wanguemert et al. (2018) |
| H. polii | 5.40 | – | 1.10 | 13.40 | 5.40 | 2.90 | 3.40 | 8.10 | 0.70 | 3.80 | 4.50 | 15.10 | 10.10 | 10.60 | 8.40 | 3.00 | 2.40 | Gonzales-Wanguemert et al. (2018) |
| H. scabra | 2.33 | 0.46 | 1.91 | 4.37 | 1.85 | 1.36 | 2.52 | 1.02 | 0.66 | 1.13 | 5.46 | 4.52 | 6.29 | 8.22 | 8.32 | 2.20 | 6.47 | Doungpai et al. (2022) |
| H. tubulosa | 5.80 | – | 1.60 | 12.90 | 5.50 | 3.30 | 3.70 | 7.90 | 0.10 | 3.30 | 4.80 | 14.50 | 9.50 | 10.60 | 8.60 | 3.50 | 2.40 | Gonzales-Wanguemert et al. (2018) |
| S. horrens | 1.27 | 0.30 | 0.47 | 3.76 | 1.07 | 0.87 | 1.51 | 0.96 | 0.33 | 0.75 | 2.66 | 3.09 | 3.04 | 8.29 | 4.89 | – | – | Stiani et al. (2021) |
| Sea cucumber viscera | ||||||||||||||||||
| C. frondosa | 0.78 | 1.04 | 0.59 | – | 0.17 | 15.56 | 10.00 | 15.31 | 8.12 | 1.07 | 0.50 | 4.92 | 10.80 | 3.17 | 25.93 | 1.70 | 0.35 | Liu et al. (2021) |
| C. frondosa | 7.20 | 2.30 | 6.60 | 9.10 | 5.40 | 4.70 | 5.00 | 3.50 | 2.30 | 5.00 | 10.00 | 6.60 | 4.00 | 8.00 | 14.30 | 4.30 | 1.60 | Mamelona, Louis & Pelletier (2010) |
| – | 4.24 | 1.24 | 1.11 | 5.24 | 2.36 | 2.15 | 4.19 | 2.23 | 1.08 | 2.06 | 5.64 | 2.18 | 2.75 | 4.22 | 7.36 | 3.59 | 0.01 | Babji et al. (2020) |
Note:
Leu, leucine; His, histidine; Lys, lysine; Arg, arginine; Val, valine; Ile, isoleucine; Thr, threonine; Phe, phenylalanine; Met, methionine; Tyr, tyrosine; Asp, aspartic acid; Pro, proline; Gly, glycine; Gln, glutamine; Ser, serine; Cys, cysteine; *, essential amino acid; –, not determined.