Fig. 5.

Savings with reduced-frequency dosing (RFD) A Among the subset of 15 patients with a total duration of therapy > 2 years (median 3.4 yr, range 2.0–5.0), we calculated savings from drug costs and patient-centered costs with the reduced-frequency approach (despite extended duration beyond 2 years) compared to the costs of 2 years of therapy at standard-frequency dosing (SFD). Additionally, the cost savings from drug costs and patient-centered costs were calculated for the entire cohort. B In a hypothetical model utilizing RFD after an initial 6 months of SFD, the total duration of treatment was extended to 84 months for pembrolizumab with reduced-frequency approach or 114 months with nivolumab with the reduced-frequency approach without incurring any additional costs. Abbreviations SFD—standard frequency dosing, RFD—Reduced frequency dosing