Fig. 5. The lift-augmented autoencoder-based manifold expression and its output for a variety of wakes around a wing.

Interpolation (∣G∣ < 4) and extrapolation (∣G∣ > 4) cases with regard to training data are shown. The trajectories for the undisturbed cases are shown in light color in latent space. The value presented on each decoded flow field (a–h) corresponds to the time-averaged structural similarity index between the decoded and reference fields.