Table 2.

Clinical characteristics of the participants

	Case % (n = 64)	Control % (n = 2268)	OR	95% CI	P value
Male sex	85.9 (n = 55)	57.2 (n = 1298)	4.56	2.22–10.56	< 0.01
ADHD	57.8 (n = 37)	16.9 (n = 383)	6.74	3.94–11.65	< 0.01
ASD	53.1 (n = 34)	40.1 (n = 910)	1.69	1.00–2.88	0.039
Intellectual Disability	7.8 (n = 5)	10.7 (n = 242)	0.71	0.22–1.78	0.68
Antisocial behavior	46.9 (n = 30)	12.3 (n = 279)	6.28	3.65–10.76	< 0.01
Abuse history	21.9 (n = 14)	11.2 (n = 254)	2.22	1.12–4.15	0.02
Child-to-parent violence	29.7 (n = 19)	10.6 (n = 240)	3.56	1.94–6.34	< 0.01

ADHD, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; ASD, autism spectrum disorder

Statistically significant values are presented in bold