Extended Data Table 1.

| Composition of diets used in this study

Product #	Control diet D12450J-1.5V		Inulin fibre diet D16052309		Cellulose fibre diet D20052606		Psyllium fibre diet D20052607
	gm%	kcal%	gm%	kcal%	gm%	kcal%	gm%	kcal%
Protein	19	20	16	20	14	20	14	20
Carbohydrate	67	70	47	70	49	70	48	70
Fat	4	10	4	10	3	10	3	10
kcal/gm		100		100		100		100
Ingredient	gm	kcal	gm	kcal	gm	kcal	gm	kcal
Casein	200	800	200	800	200	800	200	800
L-Cystine	3	12	3	12	3	12	3	12
Com starch	506.2	2025	383.25	1533	506.2	2025	506.2	2025
Maltodextrin 10	125	500	125	500	125	500	125	500
Sucrose	63.8	255	63.8	255	63.8	255	63.8	255
Cellulose BW200	50	0	50	0	430.7	0	50	0
Inulin	0	0	328	492	0	0	0	0
Psyllium	0	0	0	0	0	0	432	0
Soybean oil	25	225	25	225	25	225	25	225
Lard	20	180	20	180	20	180	20	180
Mineral mix, SI0026	10	0	10	0	10	0	10	0
Dicalcium phosphate	13	0	13	0	13	0	13	0
Calcium carbonate	5.5	0	5.5	0	5.5	0	5.5	0
Potassium citrate, 1 H2O	16.5	0	16.5	0	16.5	0	16.5	0
Vitamin mix, VI0001	15	60	15	60	15	60	15	60
Choline bitartrate	2	0	2	0	2	0	2	0
Dye	0.05	0	0.05	0	0.05	0	0.05	0
Total	1055.05	4057	1260.1	4057	1435.75	4057	1487.05	4057
Total fibre (%)	4.7		30		30		30