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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 16.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Nutr. 2023 May 28;43:355–383. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-061121-094908

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Features of the host, environment, and gut microbiota can help in developing personalized nutrition recommendations. Different types of dietary macro- and micronutrients, together with an individual’s clinical features, exercise, medications/supplements, and gut microbiota, determine the repertoire of microbial bioactive metabolites in the gut, with distinct effects on host physiology. All of these factors and as-yet-unidentified factors need to be considered in order to develop personalized nutrition recommendations.