Table 3.

Clinical characteristics and treatments of patients with bronchiolitis associated to viral single infection compared with viral coinfection

	Single virus n = 270	Coinfections n = 175	p-value
Sex (%)			0.003
Female Male	97 (35.9) 173 (64.1)	88 (50.3) 87 (49.7)
Gestational age (weeks)	39 [37–40]	39 [37–40]	0.721
Birth weight (grams)	3.1 [2.75–3.47]	3.13 [2.72–3.44]	0.566
Age (months)	2.32 [1.34–4.35]	2.79 [1.45–5.45]	0.074
Weight at admission (Kilograms)	5.16 [4.15–6.23]	5.34 [4.28–6.80]	0.167
Prematurity (%)	42 (15.6)	25 (14.3)	0.765
Type of delivery (% caesarean section)	82 (30.4)	61 (34.9)	0.348
Underlying disease (%)	22 (8.1)	13 (7.4)	0.783
Personal history atopy (%)	19 (7)	14 (8)	0.687
Family history of atopy (%)	48 (17.8)	36 (20.6)	0.489
Siblings (%)	169 (62.6)	120 (68.6)	0.139
Breastfeeding	106 (39.3)	58 (33.1)	0.152
Fever ≥ 38ºC (%)	115 (42.6)	107 (61.1)	< 0.001
Food refusal (%)	148 (54.8)	109 (62.3)	0.242
Apnea (%)	16 (5.9)	9 (5.1)	0.726
C reactive Protein (mg/L) n = 424	6.9 [1.4–19.6]	14.6 [4.53–36.1]	< 0.001
Urinary tract infection (%)	9 (3.3)	11 (6.3)	0.142
Sepsis (%)	2 (0.7)	6 (3.4)	0.037
Antibiotic treatment (%)	90 (33.3)	67 (38.3)	0.286
Consolidation on chest X-Ray n = 260 (%)	33/163 (20.2)	30/97 (30.9)	0.052
Respiratory support (%)
None Only LFNC oxygen therapy Only HFNC oxygen therapy NIV IMV	28 (10.4) 140 (51.9) 55 (20.4) 44 (16.3) 3 (1.1)	17 (9.7) 85 (48.6) 36 (20.6) 36 (20.6) 1 (0.6)	0.823 0.499 0.959 0.251 1
PICU admission (%)	61 (22.6)	44 (25.1)	0.536
PICU Length of stay (days)	4 [3–6]	5 [3–7]	0.078
Length of hospital stay (days)	6 [4–8]	7 [5–10]	0.004

Categorical variables expressed as absolute frequency and percentage, and quantitative variables as median and interquartile range [IQR].

NPS nasopharyngeal, LFNC Low-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, HFNC High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, NIV Non- invasive ventilation, IMV Invasive mechanical ventilation, PICU Paediatric Intensive Care Unit