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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hous Stud. 2021 Jul 19;38(7):1342–1364. doi: 10.1080/02673037.2021.1941792

Table 1.

Weighted sample characteristics by housing tenure

Health and Retirement Study 2010/2012 Owners Renters Difference
Respondents in analytic sample (n = 8,231) (n = 6,896) (n = 1,335) t-tests

Cardiometabolic Risk Mean S.E. Mean S.E. Difference

Mean count of risks (of 8 possible factors) 1.778 .021 2.127 .051 .349 ***
Socioeconomic Selection Measures Prop. S.E. Prop. S.E. Difference

 No high school degree .09 .00 .21 .01 .12 ***
 High school graduate .58 .01 .63 .02 .05 **
 College graduate .34 .01 .16 .01 −.17 ***
 White .86 .01 .63 .02 −.23 ***
 Black .06 .00 .20 .02 .14 ***
 Hispanic .06 .01 .13 .01 .07 ***
 Other .03 .00 .04 .01 .01
Housing and Neighborhood Measures

Home condition poor or very poor .05 .00 .13 .01 .08 ***
2 years or less since last move .06 .00 .35 .02 .29 ***
3 to 5 years since last move .09 .01 .21 .02 .12 ***
Over 5 years since last move .85 .01 .44 .02 −.41 ***
Current and ongoing housing problem .13 .00 .33 .02 .20 ***
Neighborhood safegy poor or fair .07 .01 .19 .02 .12 ***
Financial Measures

Household income, log-normalized (mean) 11.01 .02 10.22 .04 −.79 ***
Above median non-housing wealth .55 .01 .13 .02 −.42 ***
Difficulty paying bills .55 .01 .78 .02 .24 ***
Health Resources and Behavior

Has health insurance .95 .00 .83 .02 −.11 ***
Smokes now or smoked in past .53 .01 .66 .01 .13 ***
Physical activity more than once per week .61 .01 .51 .02 −.11 ***
Demographic Control Measures

Age 51–59 .35 .01 .46 .02 .12 ***
 60–69 .35 .01 .29 .01 −.06 **
 70–79 .20 .01 .13 .01 −.07 ***
 80–84 .10 .01 .11 .02 .01
Female .53 .00 .58 .02 .05 **
One person household .18 .01 .38 .02 .20 ***
Two person household .58 .01 .33 .02 −.25 ***
Three or more person household .24 .01 .29 .02 .05 *
*

p < .05

**

p < .01

***

p < .001