Skip to main content
. 2023 Oct 13;102(41):e34692. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034692

Table 2.

Distribution of survey rurality scale stratified by zip code-derived RUCA category.

Rurality scales Overall (970)
n (%)
Rural (523)
n (%)
Urban (447)
n (%)
“How much do you see yourself belonging to a rural community?”
 Not at all
 Barely
 A little
 About half
 Pretty much
 Very much
 Extremely
 Missing


233 (24.9)
90 (9.6)
99 (10.6)
107 (11.4)
144 (15.4)
145 (15.5)
118 (12.6)
34 (3.5)


52 (22.3)
43 (47.8)
48 (48.5)
62 (57.9)
105 (72.9)
110 (75.9)
85 (72.0)
18 (52.9)


181 (77.7)
47 (52.2)
51 (51.5)
45 (42.1)
39 (27.1)
35 (24.1)
33 (28.0)
16 (47.1)
“How much is being from a rural community a part of who you are?”
 Not at all
 Barely
 A little
 About half
 Pretty much
 Very much
 Extremely
 Missing


224 (24.0)
90 (9.6)
105 (11.2)
107 (11.5)
135 (14.5)
183 (19.6)
90 (9.6)
36 (3.7)


46 (20.5)
41 (45.6)
57 (54.3)
67 (62.6)
93 (68.9)
132 (72.1)
68 (75.6)
19 (52.8)


178 (79.5)
49 (54.4)
48 (45.7)
40 (37.4)
42 (31.1)
51 (27.9)
22 (24.4)
17 (47.2)
“How much do you identify with people who live in rural communities?”
 Not at all
 Barely
 A little
 About half
 Pretty much
 Very much
 Extremely
 Missing


77 (8.2)
104 (11.1)
167 (17.9)
131 (14.0)
187 (20.0)
196 (21.0)
73 (7.8)
35 (3.6)


15 (19.5)
36 (34.6)
70 (41.9)
75 (57.3)
122 (65.2)
139 (70.9)
49 (67.1)
17 (48.6)


62 (80.5)
68 (65.4)
97 (58.1)
56 (42.8)
65 (34.8)
57 (29.1)
24 (32.9)
18 (51.4)
“To what extent do you feel your general attitudes and opinions are similar to people who live in rural communities?”
 Not at all
 Barely
 A little
 About half
 Pretty much
 Very much
 Extremely
 Missing



68 (7.3)
95 (10.2)
172 (18.5)
201 (21.6)
206 (22.2)
141 (15.2)
46 (5.0)
41 (4.2)



15 (22.1)
36 (37.9)
72 (41.9)
114 (56.7)
136 (66.0)
97 (68.8)
34 (73.9)
19 (46.3)



53 (77.9)
59 (62.1)
100 (58.1)
87 (43.3)
70 (34.0)
44 (31.2)
12 (26.1)
22 (53.7)
“To what extent do you feel that you are typical of people who live in rural communities?”
 Not at all
 Barely
 A little
 About half
 Pretty much
 Very much
 Extremely
 Missing


132 (14.2)
131 (14.1)
137 (14.7)
157 (16.9)
203 (21.8)
125 (13.5)
45 (4.8)
40 (4.1)


27 (20.5)
64 (48.9)
62 (45.3)
91 (58.0)
139 (68.5)
86 (68.8)
36 (80.0)
18 (45.0)


105 (79.6)
67 (51.2)
75 (54.7)
66 (42.0)
64 (31.5)
39 (31.2)
9 (20.0)
22 (55.0)
“To what extent do you consider yourself a ‘city’ person?”
 Extremely
 Very much
 Pretty much
 About half
 A little
 Barely
 Not at all
 Missing

212 (22.5)
128 (13.6)
123 (13.1)
134 (14.3)
138 (14.7)
123 (13.1)
82 (8.7)
30 (3.1)

13 (15.9)
34 (27.6)
44 (31.9)
82 (61.2)
79 (64.2)
97 (75.8)
159 (75.0)
15 (50.0)

69 (84.2)
89 (72.4)
94 (68.1)
52 (38.8)
44 (35.8)
31 (24.2)
53 (25.0)
15 (50.0)

Results are listed as n (%), with n being the sample size unless otherwise indicated. For the overall sample, the column percentages are reported. For rural and urban sample, the row percentages are reported. Rurality scale for self-perceived responses is Likert in nature (ordinal), the zip-code based RUCA category scale is binary in nature (a special case of ordinal scale).