Table 2.
Stress and anxiety assessments.
| Parameter | Time | Placebo | ARE | RMANOVA | Diff bet the groups at each time point | 95% CI for the difference | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SS | F | P value | |||||||
| PSS | Day 0 | 20.28 ± 2.35 | 20.44 ± 3.12 | 639.0 | 34.94 | <.001 | −0.405 | −2.57 to 1.76 | >.05 |
| Day 30 | 19.32 ± 3.38 | 17.04 ± 2.52 | 2.57 | 0.41–4.74 | <.05 | ||||
| Day 60 | 20.24 ± 3.57 | 11.08 ± 4.03 | 9.74 | 7.57–11.91 | <.001 | ||||
| GAD | Day 0 | 12.96 ± 2.62 | 13.76 ± 2.17 | 191.2 | 43.64 | <.001 | −0.45 | −2.05 to 1.15 | >.05 |
| Day 30 | 12.96 ± 2.68 | 12.12 ± 2.11 | 1.30 | −0.29–2.89 | >.05 | ||||
| Day 60 | 13.82 ± 5.37 | 9.09 ± 2.97 | 5.13 | 3.53–6.73 | <.001 | ||||
Data is represented as Mean ± SD. The difference between the 2 treatment groups were compared using 2 -way repeated measure analysis of variance (RMANOVA) with Bonferroni post hoc test at 3 different time points. Time × treatment variation and degree of freedom = 2, for RM ANOVA is represented in the table.
ARE = Ashwagandha root extract, F = the ratio of the variance between the groups to the variance within the groups, GAD7 = generalized anxiety disorder, PSS = perceived stress score, SS = sums of squares.