Table 3.

Factors associated with cumulative major complications (death, sepsis, admission to ICU)

	NOT major complications N 340	Major complications N 84	Univariate p value	Odds ratio [95% interval]	Multiv. p value
CFS 1–6	242 (71.2%)	38 (45.2%)
CFS 7–9	98 (28.8%)	46 (54.8%)
CFS value	6 [5–7]	6 [6–7]	0.002	1.41 [1.13–1.75]	0.002
Age	85 [82–89]	85 [81–91]	0.485
Sex (Male)	134 (40.5%)	51 (54.8%)	0.014	1.67 [1.03–2.71]	0.038
ED presentation
Fever	47 (13.8%)	16 (19.0%)	0.228
Abdominal pain	235 (69.1%)	46 (54.8%)	0.013	0.69 [0.42–1.13]	0.141
Vomit	171 (50.3%)	38 (45.2%)	0.407
Gastrointestinal bleeding	17 (5.0%)	5 (6.0%)	0.725
Perforation	12 (3.5%)	4 (4.8%)	0.596
Treatment
Medical treatment	205 (61.9%)	41 (44.1%)	0.471
Percutaneous procedures	11 (3.3%)	7 (7.5%)	0.005
Ostomy	39 (11.5%)	17 (20.2%)	0.034
Surgery (overall)	124 (36.5%)	36 (42.9%)	0.012	1.91 [1.17–3.12]	0.010
Comorbidities
CCI	6 [4–8]	7 [5–9]	0.045	0.97 [0.86–1.09]	0.649
History of CAD	43 (12.6%)	17 (20.2%)	0.074
CHF	33 (9.7%)	12 (14.3%)	0.222
Cerebrovascular disease	24 (7.1%)	8 (9.5%)	0.440
Dementia	35 (10.3%)	15 (17.9%)	0.054
COPD	48 (14.1%)	10 (11.9%)	0.597
Diabetes	31 (9.1%)	17 (20.2%)	0.004
Chronic kidney disease	55 (16.2%)	12 (14.3%)	0.671
Oncological disease	127 (37.4%)	43 (46.4%)	0.127
Metastatic cancer	47 (13.8%)	17 (20.2%)	0.141
Aetiology
Malignancy	88 (25.9%)	32 (38.1%)	0.026	1.53 [0.78–2.97]	0.213
Non malignant	90 (27.2%)	15 (16.1%)	0.029
(i) Surgical Adhesions	56 (16.5%)	5 (6.0%)	0.014
(ii) Hernia	31 (9.1%)	4 (4.8%)	0.194
(iii) Volvulus	16 (4.7%)	3 (3.6%)	0.653

Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; CFS, Clinical Frailty Scale; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, chronic heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease