. 2023 Oct 16;13:17560. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-44753-9

Table 7.

Visual score of DNA damage in 7 and 15 treated PACA2, 7 treated PC3, 8 treated A549, and 7 and 9 treated HCT116. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control.

Treatment	Cell line	No. of samples	No. of cells		Class**				DNA damaged cells % (mean ± SEM)
Treatment	Cell line	No. of samples	Analyzed*	Comets	0	1	2	3	DNA damaged cells % (mean ± SEM)
Untreated cells	PACA2	4	400	43	357	31	10	2	10.76 ± 1.11^b
7		4	400	94	306	35	28	31	23.52 ± 0.65^a
15		4	400	84	316	31	25	28	21.00 ± 1.29^a
Doxorubicin		4	400	81	319	28	26	27	20.25 ± 0.75^a
Untreated cells	PC3	4	400	41	359	29	11	1	10.27 ± 0.85^c
7		4	400	103	297	38	36	29	25.78 ± 1.44^a
Doxorubicin		4	400	83	317	39	30	14	20.76 ± 1.38^b
Untreated cells	A549	4	400	43	357	36	7	0	10.79 ± 0.48^b
8		4	400	99	301	39	38	22	24.75 ± 1.03^a
Doxorubicin		4	400	86	314	25	32	29	21.52 ± 1.04^a
Untreated cells	HCT116	4	400	42	358	31	8	3	10.53 ± 1.19^c
7		4	400	102	298	29	38	35	25.56 ± 0.66^a
9		4	400	79	321	37	24	18	19.75 ± 1.25^b
Doxorubicin		4	400	85	315	33	24	28	21.26 ± 0.48^ab

*Number of cells examined per a group, **Class 0 = no tail; 1 = tail length < diameter of nucleus; 2 = tail length between 1 and 2 × the diameter of nucleus; and 3 = tail length > 2 × the diameter of nucleus. ^a–cMean values within tissue with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P < 0.05).