TABLE 3.
Cox regression for risk factors associated with 1-year mortality.
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard ratio | 95% CI | p-value | Hazard ratio | 95% CI | p-value | |
| Age, +1 | 1.022 | (1.005–1.039) | 0.011 | 1.009 | (0.987–1.031) | 0.441 |
| Sex, male | 0.985 | (0.518–1.876) | 0.964 | |||
| BW, + 1 kg | 1.000 | (0.987–1.013) | 0.978 | |||
| Blood type (References: AB = 1) | ||||||
| A | 2.151 | (0.639–7.240) | 0.216 | |||
| B | 2.869 | (0.862–9.557) | 0.086 | |||
| O | 2.504 | (0.810–10.876) | 0.053 | |||
| Smoking | 1.272 | (0.732–2.210) | 0.393 | |||
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.304 | (0.708–2.402) | 0.394 | |||
| Diabetes | 1.627 | (0.993–2.665) | 0.053 | |||
| Previous CPR | 3.963 | (2.357–6.665) | <0.001 | 2.539 | (0.928–6.947) | 0.070 |
| UNOS status (References: 1A = 1) | ||||||
| 1B | 0.269 | (0.139–0.520) | <0.001 | 0.380 | (0.103–1.402) | 0.146 |
| 2 | 0.265 | (0.157–0.447) | <0.001 | 0.597 | (0.152–2.347) | 0.460 |
| Pre-transplant ventilator | 3.751 | (2.317–6.074) | <0.001 | 1.571 | (0.396–6.226) | 0.520 |
| Pre-transplant IABP | 2.869 | (1.741–4.727) | 0.011 | 0.925 | (0.349–2.452) | 0.876 |
| Pre-transplant ECMO | 3.582 | (2.147–5.976) | <0.001 | 0.536 | (0.144–1.985) | 0.350 |
| Pre-transplant dialysis | 3.139 | (1.773–5.557) | <0.001 | 2.410 | (0.939–6.182) | 0.067 |
| Creatinine, + 1 mg/dL | 1.295 | (1.019–1.646) | 0.034 | 0.963 | (0.653–1.418) | 0.847 |
| BUN, + 1 mg/dL | 1.012 | (1.000–1.025) | 0.056 | |||
| Total bilirubin, + 1 mg/dL | 1.019 | (0.941–1.103) | 0.645 | |||
| PCCS (yes) | 2.372 | (1.482–3.797) | <0.001 | 2.485 | (1.241–4.975) | 0.010 |
| Donor age, +1 | 1.034 | (1.016–1.053) | <0.001 | 1.021 | (0.996–1.046) | 0.102 |
| Donor sex, male | 1.008 | (0.600–1.693) | 0.975 | |||
| Donor BW, + 1 kg | 0.999 | (0.992–1.007) | 0.837 | |||
| Allograft ischemic time, + 1min | 1.002 | (0.998–1.005) | 0.376 | |||
| CPB time, + 1min | 1.006 | (1.003–1.009) | <0.001 | 1.005 | (1.000–1.009) | 0.044 |
| Etiology of heart failure | ||||||
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 1 | |||||
| Congenital heart disease | 1.173 | (0.356–3.866) | 0.794 | |||
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 1.737 | (1.037–2.911) | 0.036 | |||
| Restrictive cardiomyopathy | 1.381 | (0.328–5.808) | 0.66 | |||
| Valvular heart disease | 2.005 | (0.828–4.855) | 0.123 | |||
| Others | 1.826 | (0.248–13.443) | 0.554 | |||
| Etiology and PCCS a | ||||||
| ICM, PCCS (−) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ICM, PCCS (+) | 4.329 | (1.992–9.406) | <0.001 | 4.848 | (1.644–14.299) | 0.004 |
| Non-ICM, PCCS (−) | 1.347 | (0.638–2.845) | 0.435 | 2.447 | (0.824–7.267) | 0.107 |
| Non-ICM, PCCS (+) | 1.739 | (0.707–4.280) | 0.228 | 3.554 | (1.016–12.439) | 0.047 |
CI, confidence interval; HT, heart transplantation; VAD, ventricular assist device.
a
Multivariate analysis was adjusted for age, blood type, diabetes, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, United Network for Organ Sharing status, ventilator use, mechanical circulatory support, donor age, and cardiopulmonary bypass time.