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. 2023 Sep 21;12(9):1876–1886. doi: 10.21037/tlcr-23-304

Table 1. Clinicopathological features of the patients.

Variables TC (n=95) AC (n=33) All (n=128)
Sex, n [%]
   Male 29 [31] 17 [52] 46 [36]
   Female 66 [69] 16 [48] 82 [64]
Age (years)
   Mean 52 55 53
   Median 53 55 55
   Range 19–84 23–77 19–84
Tumor size (cm), n [%]
   ≤1 29 [31] 10 [30] 39 [31]
   1.1–2.9 56 [59] 15 [46] 71 [55]
   ≥3 10 [10] 8 [24] 18 [14]
Nodal involvement at diagnosis, n [%]
   Yes 3 [3] 6 [18] 9 [7]
   No 67 [71] 24 [73] 91 [71]
   Not examined 25 [26] 3 [9] 28 [22]
Distant metastasis, n [%]
   At diagnosis 0 [0] 2 [6] 2 [2]
   During follow-up 6 [6] 5 [15] 11 [9]
Surgical procedure, n [%]
   Lobectomy 40 [49] 17 [55] 57 [51]
   Sleeve resection 14 [17] 8 [26] 22 [19]
   Segmentectomy 14 [17] 1 [3] 15 [13]
   Wedge resection 9 [11] 1 [3] 10 [9]
   Bilobectomy 1 [1] 2 [6] 3 [3]
   Enucleation 3 [4] 0 [0] 3 [3]
   Pneumoectomy 0 [0] 2 [6] 2 [2]
   Not available 14 2 16
Neoadjuvant treatment, n
   Chemotherapy 0 0 0
   Radiotherapy 0 1 1
   Both 0 1 1
Adjuvant treatment, n
   Chemo/radio therapy only 1 3 4
   SSAs only 1 1 2
   SSAs + chemotherapy 0 1 1
   SSAs + PRRT 1 1 2
   SSAs + PRRT + chemo/radiotherapy 1 1 2
Ki-67 labeling index, n [%]
   <1% 43 [46] 10 [30] 53 [42]
   1–2% 43 [46] 18 [54] 61 [48]
   >2% 7 [8] 5 [16] 12 [10]
   Not available 2 2

, adjuvant treatments were given only for metastatic disease. TC, typical carcinoid tumor; AC, atypical carcinoid tumor; SSA, somatostatin analog; PRRT, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.