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. 2023 Oct 3;14:1247054. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1247054

Table 3.

Significant independent predictors of the HRV parameters in T1DM population: multivariate regression analyses.

B β p F adj. R 2 p
ln SDNN 12.719 0.366 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) -0.142 0.395 < 0.001
BMI (kg/m2) -0.027 -0.259 0.016
Age (years) -0.011 -0.257 0.019
Disease duration (years) -0.17 0.889
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) -0.19 0.862
Smoking (n/p/c) -0.180 0.083
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) 0.119 0.308
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) 0.113 0.365
Use of beta receptor antagonists (y/n) 0.085 0.472
ln rMSSD 11.436 0.255 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) -0.167 -0.405 < 0.001
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) 0.008 0.280 0.015
Age (years) -0.154 0.222
BMI (kg/m 2 ) -0.215 0.060
Disease duration (years) -0.097 0.409
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) -0.065 0.563
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) -0.081 0.498
ln VLF 14.108 0.172 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) -0.321 -0.431 < 0.001
Age (years) -0.231 0.051
BMI (kg/m 2 ) -0.185 0.112
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) -0.216 0.061
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) 0.170 0.145
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) -0.106 0.385
ln LF 13.207 0.375 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) -0.311 -0.336 0.002
Age (years) -0.034 -0.325 0.003
BMI (kg/m2) -0.072 -0.270 0.012
Gender (male/female) -0.185 0.071
Disease duration (years) -0.033 0.781
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) -0.057 0.592
Smoking (n/p/c) -0.113 0.278
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) 0.012 0.917
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) 0.010 0.938
Use of beta receptor antagonists (y/n) 0.011 0.927
ln HF 11.975 0.265 < 0.001
Age (years) -0.045 -0.353 0.003
HbA1c (%) -0.363 -0.326 0.006
BMI (kg/m 2 ) -0.173 0.125
Disease duration (years) -0.111 0.388
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) -0.088 0.434
Smoking (n/p/c) -0.102 0.364
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) 0.118 0.337
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) -0.036 0.765
ln LF/HF ratio 5.787 0.067 0.019
Disease duration (years) 0.020 0.284 0.019
Gender (male/female) -0.213 0.072
ln Total Power 12.346 0.271 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) -0.295 -0.357 0.002
Age (years) -0.031 -0.329 0.005
BMI (kg/m 2 ) -0.196 0.079
Disease duration (years) 0.004 0.978
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) -0.133 0.232
Smoking (n/p/c) -0.122 0.271
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) 0.081 0.507
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) -0.046 0.703
Use of beta receptor antagonists (y/n) 0.023 0.852
ln SD1 8.413 0.267 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) -0.148 -0.323 0.006
Age (years) -0.013 -0.246 0.035
BMI (kg/m2) -0.031 -0.233 0.042
Disease duration (years) -0.036 0.781
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) -0.022 0.851
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) 0.150 0.231
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) 0.042 0.752
ln SD2 10.016 0.372 < 0.001
HbA1c (%) -0.111 -0.296 0.007
Age (years) -0.011 -0.269 0.014
BMI (kg/m2) -0.033 -0.302 0.005
Smoking -0.128 -0.219 0.038
Disease duration (years) 0.008 0.949
Office blood pressure, systolic (mmHg) 0.016 0.885
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) 0.100 0.388
Use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs (y/n) 0.062 0.618
Use of beta receptor antagonists (y/n) 0.054 0.650

Unstandardized (B) and standardized (β) regression coefficients. Statistically significant p-values (p < 0.05) are formatted in bold.