Table 2.
Characteristic and main findings of the included papers that show an association between ECM remodeling and ICIs efficacy.
| Ref | Molecule | Tumor type | Year | Enrolled patients | Queried Databases | IC target | Sample type | Method | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (63) | BGN | CRC | 2022 | 144 | GEO, TCGA (N=435) | / | biopsy | RNA seq, IHC | positive association with M2 macrophages and Tregs; association with the prediction of the response to ICIs |
| (64) | COL6A1 | BLCa | 2023 | 58 | TCGA (n=414) | PD-1 | biopsy | RNA seq, IHC | predictive of poor response to anti-PD-1 treatment |
| (65) | Collagen fragments (C4G, PRO-C3) | CM | 2020 | 54 | / | CTLA-4 | serum | ELISA | High C4G combined with low PRO-C3 predict improved OS |
| (66) | Collagen fragments (PRO-C3, C1M, C3M, C4M, VICM) | CM | 2018 | 67 | / | CTLA-4 | serum | ELISA | High PRO-C3 and C4M independently predictive of worse OS ad PFS; high C3M/PRO-C3 and VICM independently associate with longer OS |
| (67) | Collagen fragments (PRO-C3, PC3X, C3M, C4M, VICM) | CM | 2020 | 107 | / | PD-1 | serum | ELISA | High PRO-C3 and PC3X independently predictive of worse OS ad PFS; high C3M/PRO-C3 and VICM independently associate with improved OS |
| (68) | Collagen I, III | LUAD, LUSC | 2020 | 451 | TCGA (n=1580) | PD-1 | biopsy | RNAseq, IHC | negative association with CD8+ T cells; predictive of poor survival and response to anti-PD-1 |
| (69) | CTHRC1 | GBM, LGG | 2021 | / | CGGA, TCGA, GDC (n=1711) | PD-1 | biopsy | RNA seq | predictive value for anti-PD-1 therapy efficacy |
| (70) | EMILIN2 | CM | 2021 | / | TCGA (n=477) | PD-L1 | biopsy | RNA seq | negative association with the response to anti PD-L1 therapy |
| (71) | HAPLN3 | CM | 2021 | / | TCGA, GEO, dbGap (n=727) | CTLA-4 | biopsy | RNA seq | part of TIR signature predictive of response to anti-CTLA-4 and patients’ survival |
| (72) | MMP12 | HCC | 2021 | 8 | TCGA, GEO (n=467) | / | biopsy | RNA seq, WB, PCR | positive correlation with CTLA-4 and PD-L1; negative association with predicted ICIs efficacy |
| (73) | MMP2, COL1A2 | CM | 2021 | 30 | / | CTLA-4 | biopsy | transcriptomic Nanostring analysis | positive association with longer OS and RFS for patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 |
| (74) | MMP9, LOX | GBM | 2023 | 27 | TCGA, CGGA, GEO (n=1876) | PD-1, PD-L1 | biopsy | RNA seq, IHC, qPCR | part of a high risk signature correlated with poor prognosis and higher response to anti-PD1/L1 therapy |
BC, breast cancer; CM, cutaneous melanoma; CCa, cervical cancer; BLCa, bladder cancer; GBM, glioblastoma; LGG, low-grade glioma; CRC, colorectal cancer; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; LUSC, lung squamous cell carcinoma; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.