Fig 2.

Taxonomic α- and β-diversity estimates. (a) Shannon indices of bacterial communities in bulk soil, rhizosphere, root endosphere, stem endosphere, and seed endosphere. Horizontal lines within boxes denote medians. Tops and bottoms of boxes denote the 75th and 25th percentiles, respectively. Upper and lower whiskers extend to data no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the upper edge and lower edge of the box, respectively. Different letters indicate significant differences among compartments (P < 0.05), based on Kruskal-Wallis one-way test. (b) PCoA plot depicting the β-diversity patterns of bacterial communities across different compartments based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity. (c) α-Diversity CK in each compartment at the seedling stage, tillering stage, booting stage, and maturity stage compared with Xs based on the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Shannon and richness index represent mean ± SD according to group, “Ns” represents not significantly different. (d) PCoAs of microbial community composition in individual compartments at each development stage between Xs and CK based on the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity. Significant difference between treatments with and without Xanthomonas inoculation based on permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) and adonis function.