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. 2023 Sep 6;11(5):e02152-23. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02152-23

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Copyright © 2023 Kim et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

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Fig 4 — The role of Ras/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in biofilm formation of C. auris. (A) Schematic representation of biofilm development phases in Candida species. (B) Biofilm formation assay of C. auris wild type and mutants. (C) qRT-PCR analysis of cell adhesion-related genes in wild type and mutants. (B and C) Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s multiple-comparison test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001). (D) Biofilm formation assay of C. auris wild type with EHNA [erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonly)adenine] treatment. (E) qRT-PCR analysis of cell adhesion-related genes in wild type with EHNA treatment. (D and E) Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001).