Table 1.
Changes in the intestinal flora in relevant animal and clinical stroke models
| Type | Model | Species | Changes in microbiota | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IS | MCAO | Mice | ↑ Bacteroidetes | Singh et al., 2016 |
| ↑ Peptococcaceae; | Houlden et al., 2016 | |||
| ↓ Prevotellaceae | ||||
| ↑ Anaerotruncus, Alistipes | Stanley et al., 2018 | |||
| ↑ Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Synergistetes, Erysipelotrichaceae, Butyricimonas, Desulfovibrio | Chen et al., 2019c | |||
| ↑ Muribaculaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Lachnospiraceae; | Shen et al., 2023 | |||
| ↓ Lactobacillaceae, Veillonellaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae | ||||
| ↑ Proteobacteria; | Zhang et al., 2023b | |||
| ↓ Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansia | ||||
| Monkeys | ↑ Prevotella; | Chen et al., 2019e | ||
| ↓ Faecalibacterium, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Oscillospira | ||||
| Gerbils | ↑ Clostridium, Desulfovibrio, Oscillospira; | Ryuk et al., 2022 | ||
| ↓ Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Allobaculum | ||||
| Transient forebrain | Gerbils | ↑ Lachanospiracae, Allobaculum; | Zhang et al., 2021b | |
| ischemia | ↓ Lactobacillus, Akkermansia | |||
| Sequencing of fecal | Humans | ↓ Bacteroidetes | Yin et al., 2015 | |
| specimens | ||||
| IS+HT | MCAO | Mice | ↑ Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria | Huang et al., 2022 |
| CI | Sequencing of fecal specimens | Humans | ↑ Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae | Li et al., 2019 |
| AIS | Sequencing of fecal specimens | Humans | ↑ Atopobium; | Yamashiro et al., 2017 |
| ↓ Lactobacillus sakei | ||||
| ↑ Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Veillonellaceae, Lachnospiraceae; | Xu et al., 2021a | |||
| ↓ Bacteroidaceae, Prevotellaceae |
AIS: Acute ischemic stroke; CI: cerebral ischemic stroke; HT: hemorrhagic transformation; IS: ischemic stroke; MCAO: middle cerebral artery occlusion.