Table 2.
Viral delivery system of microRNA (miRNA) agents in brain tumors treatment studies in vitro and in vivo.
| Tumor type | Type of virus | miRNA | Agent | Characteristics of carriers | Gene target | Effect of miRNA | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB | LVs | miR-28-5p | Mimic | Efficient delivery | FOXO1 | Promotes tumor spheres formation, cell viability, and proliferation | [41] |
| GB | LVs | miR-218 | Mimic | Efficient delivery | Bmi1 and HK2 | Reduces of proliferation, migration, and invasion | [42] |
| MB | LVs | miR-218 | Mimic | Efficient delivery | SH3GL1 | Suppresses tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion | [43] |
| MB | LVs | miR-22 | Mimic | Efficient delivery | PAPST1 | Reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis | [44] |
| MB | AVs | miR-199b-5p | Mimic | Efficient delivery | HES1 | Reduces cell proliferation and tumor growth | [45] |
| MB | AVs | miR-34a | Mimic | Efficient delivery. No signs of toxicity or morbidity | Cyclin D1, cMyc and CDK4 | Reduces cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis and neural differentiation | [46] |
| GB and AS | AVs | miR-124/TIKI2 | Mimic | Efficient delivery and TIKI2 protected normal cells from toxicity | WNT signaling pathway | Reduces gliomageneis | [47] |
| GB | oHSV | miR-124 | Mimic | Efficient delivery and does not replicate in mouse brain or cause disease | EGFR | Reduces gliomageneis | [48] |
| GB | BVs | miR-10b | Mimic | Efficient delivery | HOXD10, NOTCH1, TP53, and PAX6 | Reduces tumor growth, invasion, and angiogenesis | [49] |
Abbreviations: AS, Astrocytoma; GB, Glioblastoma; MB, Medulloblastoma; BVs, Baculoviruses; LVs, Lentiviruses; AVs, Adenoviruses; oHSV, oncolytic herpes simplex virus; FOXO1, Forkhead Box O1; Bmi1, Polycomb complex protein; HK2, Hexokinase 2; SH3GL1, SH3 Domain Containing GRB2 Like 1, Endophilin A2; PAPST1, Adenosine 3′-phospho 5′-phosphosulfate transporter 1; HES1, Hes Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1; CDK4, Cyclin-dependent kinase 4; EGFR, Epidermal growth factor receptor; HOXD10, Homeobox D10; NOTCH1, Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1; TP53, Tumor protein p53; PAX6, Paired Box 6.