. 2023 Oct 9;9(10):e20830. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20830

Table 4.

Mean and standard error (mean ± SE) values for total flavonoids, total phenolics, and antioxidant concentrations in honey samples collected from the market.

Source of the honey	TPC (μg GAE/100g)	TFC (μg QE/100g)	DPPH (μg AEAC) /100 g)
Supermarket	343.27 ± 33.45^ab	1252.15 ± 142.35^abc	836.07 ± 146.10^a
Small shops	158.26 ± 1.23^b	303.89 ± 9.27^bc	959.65 ± 9.79^a
Street honey	176.24 ± 0.09^b	256.91 ± 60.50^c	130.54 ± 9.68^b
Retail store (big veranda)	201.05 ± 14.49^b	881.22 ± 26.89^bc	290.04 ± 13.21^ab
Honey traders/collectors	263.02 ± 10.06^b	295.40 ± 111.37^bc	380.11 ± 44.69^ab
Processors	533.39 ± 28.9^a	2013.63 ± 136.89^a	766.52 ± 22.39^a
Open market	212.08 ± 2.25^b	1420.07 ± 77.46^ab	1327.17 ± 909.29^a

Means with the same letter (a, b, c, d) within the columns are not statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Notice: SE: Standard Error, TPC (μg GAE/100g of honey): Total phenolic content in milligram of GE per one hundred gram of honey sample, TFC (μg QE/100g of honey): Total flavonoid content in milligram of Quercetin equivalent (QE) per one hundred gram of honey sample, AOC (μg AAE/100g of honey): Antioxidant content in mg of Ascorbic acid equivalent in one hundred of a honey sample.