Table 2.
Definitions of variables and data sources.
| # | Variable | Definition | Data Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health Production Function Variables | |||
| 1. | Infant Survival Rate | The proportion of children who survive up to age one per 1000 live births. It is computed from infant mortality rate which measures the proportion of children who die before age one per 1000 live births. | WB-WDI |
| 2. | Health Expenditure per capita (HEPC) | HEPC measures the final consumption of health care goods and services including personal health care (curative, rehabilitative, long-term, ancillary services, and medical goods) and collective services (public health services and health administration). It is measured in international dollars at purchasing power parity (PPP) rate. | WHO-GHED |
| 3. | Employment | Number of persons aged 15 years and above who are engaged in employment as share of the total population. | Penn World Table |
| 4. | Educational Level | Average of mean years of schooling of adults and expected years of schooling of children, both expressed as an index obtained by scaling with the corresponding maxima. | UNDP |
| 5. | Population age structure | The proportion of the population aged 65 years and above. | WB-WDI |
| Health Financing Policy Variables | |||
| 6. | Compulsory health financing | Compulsory financing arrangements as a percentage of total health spending. | WHO-GHED |
| 7. | General government health spending | Domestic general government health expenditure as a percentage of total health spending. | WHO-GHED |
| 8. | Out-of-pocket health expenditure | Health expenditure through out-of-pocket payments measured as a percentage of total health spending. | WHO-GHED |
Notes: WHO-GHED = World Health Organization's Global Health Expenditure Database; WB-WDI = World Bank's World Development Indicators; THE = Total health expenditure. 1Source: WHO-GHED 2021 update based on System of Health Accounts (SHA 2011) methodology.