Table 5.

Associations between intending to completely stop any sexual contact and sociodemographic characteristics and motivational message, by sample

Participant characteristics	Level	General population		Grindr
		aOR (95% CI)	P value	aOR (95% CI)	P value
Gender	Male (including transman)	Ref	–	–	–
	Female (including transwoman)	1.90 (1.48 to 2.45)	<0.001*	–	–
Sexual orientation	Straight or heterosexual	Ref	–	–	–
	Gay, lesbian, bisexual or queer	0.91 (0.58 to 1.41)	0.67	–	–
Age	Range 18–98 years	1.04 (1.03 to 1.05)	<0.001*	1.01 (0.98 to 1.04)	0.53
	Quadratic term (age–mean)2	1.000 (0.999 to 1.001)	0.87	1.000 (0.998 to 1.001)	0.71
Region	Midlands (East and West)	Ref	–	Ref	–
	South (East, West, East of England)	1.08 (0.76 to 1.54)	0.67	1.18 (0.38 to 3.66)	0.77
	North (East, West, Yorkshire and the Humber)	1.14 (0.79 to 1.66)	0.49	1.48 (0.35 to 6.21)	0.58
	London	1.17 (0.73 to 1.86)	0.52	0.94 (0.27 to 3.25)	0.92
	Devolved nations (Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland)	1.26 (0.79 to 2.01)	0.33	1.26 (0.31 to 5.15)	0.74
Dependent child in household	No	Ref	–	Ref	–
	Yes	0.97 (0.72 to 1.29)	0.82	0.37 (0.11 to 1.28)	0.12
Employment status	Not working	Ref	–	Ref	–
	Working	1.22 (0.90 to 1.66)	0.20	0.92 (0.39 to 2.18)	0.85
Frontline health or social care worker	No	Ref	–	Ref	–
	Yes	0.97 (0.67 to 1.39)	0.86	1.77 (0.67 to 4.65)	0.25
Education	GCSE/vocational/A-level/no formal qualifications	Ref	–	Ref	–
	Degree or higher (Bachelors, Masters, PhD)	0.96 (0.73 to 1.27)	0.79	1.87 (0.97 to 3.59)	0.06
Ethnicity	White British	Ref	–	Ref	–
	White other	0.47 (0.26 to 0.84)	0.01	0.84 (0.35 to 2.06)	0.71
	Black, Asian, other minoritised ethnicity	0.85 (0.56 to 1.27)	0.42	0.36 (0.15 to 0.85)	0.02
Marital status	Not partnered	Ref	–	Ref	–
	Partnered	0.90 (0.65 to 1.24)	0.50	1.11 (0.51 to 2.41)	0.79
Live alone	Live with someone else	Ref	–	Ref	–
	Live alone	1.16 (0.77 to 1.73)	0.48	1.12 (0.56 to 2.23)	0.75
Own chronic illness	None	Ref	–	Ref	–
	Present	0.97 (0.72 to 1.31)	0.85	1.10 (0.53 to 2.27)	0.80
Ever taken PrEP for HIV	No	–	–	Ref	–
	Yes	–	–	1.36 (0.69 to 2.71)	0.37
Vaccinated for smallpox in 2022	Not vaccinated	–	–	Ref	–
	Vaccinated	–	–	0.71 (0.33 to 1.50)	0.37
Index of Multiple Deprivation	Deciles (1st=most deprived, 10th=least deprived)	1.00 (0.96 to 1.06)	0.85	1.01 (0.86 to 1.19)	0.88
Socioeconomic grade	ABC1	Ref	–	Ref	–
	C2DE	1.13 (0.86 to 1.49)	0.39	4.15 (1.45 to 11.85)	0.008
Financial hardship	4 (lowest hardship) to 13 (most hardship)	0.85 (0.80 to 0.90)	<0.001*	0.89 (0.74 to 1.07)	0.21
Total no of sexual partners (male and female) in last 3 weeks	0	Ref	–	–	–
	1	0.83 (0.59 to 1.18)	0.30	–	–
	2–4	0.68 (0.39 to 1.18)	0.17	–	–
	5 or more	0.37 (0.14 to 0.96)	0.04	–	–
	Prefer not to say	0.45 (0.32 to 0.64)	<0.001*	–	–
No of male sexual partners in last 3 weeks	0	–	–	Ref	–
	1	–	–	0.52 (0.18 to 1.46)	0.21
	2–4	–	–	0.38 (0.14 to 0.98)	0.05
	5–9	–	–	0.21 (0.07 to 0.65)	0.007
	10 or more	–	–	0.20 (0.06 to 0.72)	0.01
	Prefer not to say	–	–	0.30 (0.08 to 1.11)	0.07
Motivational message	Perceived risk of illness and necessity and efficacy of the response	1.37 (0.97 to 1.93)	0.08	–	–
	Perceived risk of illness and benefits of the response	1.07 (0.76 to 1.49)	0.70	–	–
	Perceived risk of illness and low perceived costs of response	1.10 (0.79 to 1.55)	0.57	–	–
	Control	Ref	–	–	–
Motivational message	All motivational components	–	–	1.43 (0.80 to 2.54)	0.23
	Control	–	–	Ref	–

Variables were entered into the logistic regression model in blocks (block 1: sociodemographic variables and motivational message, block 2: psychological factors). Results for block 2, using pooled estimates are reported.

*p≤0.001.

aOR, adjusted Odds Ratio; GCSE, General Certificate of Secondary Education; PrEP, pre-exposure prophylaxis.