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. 2023 Oct 18;13(44):30586–30605. doi: 10.1039/d3ra05062a

The biosurfactant mediated remediation of organic contaminants from soil.

Organic chemicals Microbial species and/or biosurfactant Removal efficiency (%) Ref.
Phenanthrene (Phen) Pseudomonas stutzeri Phen: 86–95 83
Bacillus simplex
Fluorine (F) Bacillus pumilus F: 65–86
Pyrene Pseudomonas aeruginosa SP4 84.6 84
Anthracene (A) Aeribacillus pallidus A: 92–96 85
Fluorene (F) Bacillus axarquiensis F: 83–86
Phenanthrene (Phen) Bacillus siamensis Phen: 16–54
Pyrene (P) Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum P: 51–71
Phenanthrene (Phen) Aeribacillus pallidus SL-1 Phen: 80 86
Pyrene (P) P: 50
n-Hexadecane (n-Hex) Pseudomonas aeruginosa san ai n-Hex: 80 87
n-Nonadecane (n-Dec) n-Dec: 98
Fluorene (F) F: 96
Phenanthrene (Phen) Phen: 50
Pyrene (P) P: 41
Pyrene Paenibacillus dendritiformis CN5 83.5 88
Gasoline Ludwigia octovalvis plantation and biosurfactant 96.5 89
Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) Maize plantation and rhamnolipid 58 90
Motor oil Candida sphaerica-biosurfactant 90 91
Petroleum hydrocarbon Bacillus subtilis A21-biosurfactant 64.5 92
Diesel oil Staphylococcus epidermidis EVR4 84 93