Table 3.
Parameter estimates from two multinomial logistic regression analyses, both with class membership as the dependent variable, while in the first SR facets and gender, and in the second additionally added risk factors form the independent variables
| First regression analysis | Second regression analysis | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95% CI for odds ratios | 95% CI for odds ratios | ||||||||
| B (SE) | Lower | Odds ratio | Upper | B (SE) | Lower | Odds ratio | Upper | ||
| Class 2 (increasing) vs. class 1 (stable low) | |||||||||
| Working-memory updating | -0.28 (0.16)+ | 0.56 | 0.75 | 1.03 | -0.30 (0.16)+ | 0.54 | 0.74 | 1.00 | |
| Cognitive flexibility/set-shifting | 0.29 (0.17)+ | 0.96 | 1.33 | 1.85 | 0.39 (0.18)* | 1.04 | 1.48 | 2.11 | |
| Inhibition | 0.10 (0.16) | 0.80 | 1.10 | 1.50 | 0.05 (0.17) | 0.76 | 1.05 | 1.45 | |
| Inhibitory control | 0.02 (0.19) | 0.70 | 1.02 | 1.47 | 0.17 (0.21) | 0.79 | 1.18 | 1.77 | |
| Planning behavior | -0.50 (0.17)** | 0.43 | 0.60 | 0.85 | -0.27 (0.19) | 0.52 | 0.76 | 1.11 | |
| Affective decision-making | -0.19 (0.17) | 0.60 | 0.83 | 1.15 | -0.16 (0.16) | 0.61 | 0.86 | 1.21 | |
| Delay of gratification | -0.21 (0.14) | 0.61 | 0.81 | 1.07 | -0.23 (0.16) | 0.59 | 0.80 | 1.08 | |
| Emotional reactivity | 1.03 (0.21)*** | 1.85 | 2.81 | 4.27 | 0.97 (0.23)*** | 1.70 | 2.65 | 4.13 | |
| Anger regulation | -0.18 (0.30) | 0.46 | 0.83 | 1.49 | -0.21 (0.29) | 0.46 | 0.81 | 1.42 | |
| Heart-rate variability | -0.11 (0.17) | 0.65 | 0.90 | 1.25 | -0.16 (0.17) | 0.61 | 0.85 | 1.19 | |
| Gender | -0.43 (0.32) | 0.35 | 0.65 | 1.22 | -0.29 (0.33) | 0.39 | 0.75 | 1.42 | |
| Education status | -0.27 (0.17)+ | 0.55 | 0.76 | 1.05 | |||||
| Family adversity | 0.32 (0.16)* | 1.01 | 1.38 | 1.89 | |||||
| Peer problems | 0.35 (0.19)+ | 0.99 | 1.42 | 2.04 | |||||
| Class 3 (early high decreasing) vs. class 1 (stable low) | |||||||||
| Working-memory updating | -0.37 (0.17)* | 0.50 | 0.69 | 0.96 | -0.37 (0.15)* | 0.52 | 0.69 | 0.93 | |
| Cognitive flexibility/set-shifting | 0.15 (0.16) | 0.85 | 1.17 | 1.60 | 0.23 (0.17) | 0.90 | 1.25 | 1.74 | |
| Inhibition | 0.18 (0.15) | 0.89 | 1.20 | 1.62 | 0.12 (0.14) | 0.85 | 1.13 | 1.49 | |
| Inhibitory control | 0.31 (0.20) | 0.92 | 1.37 | 2.02 | 0.38 (0.19)* | 1.01 | 1.47 | 2.13 | |
| Planning behavior | -0.55 (0.17)** | 0.41 | 0.58 | 0.80 | -0.32 (0.20) | 0.50 | 0.73 | 1.07 | |
| Affective decision-making | 0.23 (0.15) | 0.94 | 1.26 | 1.70 | 0.26 (0.15)+ | 0.97 | 1.30 | 1.74 | |
| Delay of gratification | -0.25 (0.13)* | 0.61 | 0.78 | 1.00 | -0.29 (0.13)* | 0.58 | 0.75 | 0.97 | |
| Emotional reactivity | 1.50 (0.23)*** | 2.87 | 4.50 | 7.05 | 1.43 (0.23)*** | 2.65 | 4.15 | 6.50 | |
| Anger regulation | 0.16 (0.19) | 0.81 | 1.18 | 1.72 | 0.09 (0.19) | 0.74 | 1.09 | 1.59 | |
| Heart-rate variability | 0.07 (0.16) | 0.78 | 1.07 | 1.48 | 0.05 (0.17) | 0.76 | 1.06 | 1.47 | |
| Gender | -0.29 (0.30) | 0.42 | 0.75 | 1.36 | -0.18 (0.31) | 0.45 | 0.83 | 1.53 | |
| Education status | -0.14 (0.17) | 0.63 | 0.87 | 1.20 | |||||
| Family adversity | 0.49 (0.14)** | 1.23 | 1.63 | 2.16 | |||||
| Peer problems | 0.24 (0.16) | 0.93 | 1.27 | 1.74 | |||||
+p < .10, *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001