Table 2.
Univariate analysis of the potential predictors on GPs’ behavior.
| Importance |
p–value | Safety |
p–value | Effectiveness |
p–value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agree | Disagree | Agree | Disagree | Agree | Disagree | ||||
| Gender, n (%) | |||||||||
| Male | 101 (98.0) | 2 (2.0) | .991 | 97 (94.2) | 6 (5.8) | .543 | 100 (97.1) | 3 (2.9) | .247 |
| Female | 250 (98.0) | 5 (2.0) | 244 (95.7) | 11 (4.3) | 252 (98.8) | 3 (1.2) | |||
| Age groups, n (%) | |||||||||
| 31–40 y | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | .920 | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | .817 | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | .317 |
| 41–50 y | 54 (98.2) | 1 (1.8) | 52 (94.5) | 3 (5.5) | 55 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| 51–60 y | 160 (97.5) | 4 (2.5) | 155 (94.5) | 9 (5.5) | 159 (97.0) | 5 (3.0) | |||
| >61 y | 122 (98.4) | 2 (1.6) | 119 (96.0) | 5 (4.0) | 123 (99.2) | 1 (0.8) | |||
| Number of patients in the practice, n (%) | |||||||||
| 1–1000 | 61 (96.8) | 2 (3.2) | .846 | 60 (95.2) | 3 (4.8) | .934 | 60 (95.2) | 3 (4.8) | .242 |
| 1001–2000 | 171 (97.7) | 4 (2.3) | 167 (95.4) | 8 (4.6) | 174 (99.4) | 1 (0.6) | |||
| 2001–3000 | 87 (98.9) | 1 (1.1) | 83 (94.3) | 5 (5.7) | 86 (97.7) | 2 (2.3) | |||
| 3001–4000 | 15 (100) | 0 (0) | 14 (93.3) | 1 (6.7) | 15 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| >4001 | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| Number of children in the practice, n (%) | |||||||||
| 1–200 | 115 (95.8) | 5 (4.2) | .240 | 111 (92.5) | 9 (7.5) | .335 | 116 (96.7) | 4 (3.3) | .442 |
| 201–400 | 70 (100) | 0 (0) | 70 (100) | 0 (0) | 70 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| 401–600 | 63 (96.9) | 2 (3.1) | 62 (95.4) | 3 (4.6) | 64 (98.5) | 1 (1.5) | |||
| 601–800 | 42 (100) | 0 (0) | 40 (95.2) | 2 (4.8) | 42 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| 801–1000 | 26 (100) | 0 (0) | 25 (96.1) | 1 (3.9) | 26 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| >1001 | 30 (100) | 0 (0) | 28 (93.3) | 2 (6.7) | 29 (96.7) | 1 (3.3) | |||
| Percentage of children in the practice, n (%) | |||||||||
| 1–10% | 86 (94.5) | 5 (5.5) | .141 | 83 (91.2) | 8 (8.8) | .083 | 88 (96.7) | 3 (3.3) | .409 |
| 11–20% | 83 (98.8) | 1 (1.2) | 81 (96.4) | 3 (3.6) | 82 (97.6) | 2 (2.4) | |||
| 21–30% | 74 (98.7) | 1 (1.3) | 74 (98.7) | 1 (1.3) | 75 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| 31–40% | 49 (100) | 0 (0) | 47 (95.9) | 2 (4.1) | 49 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| 41–50% | 29 (100) | 0 (0) | 29 (100) | 0 (0) | 29 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| 51–100% | 25 (100) | 0 (0) | 22 (88) | 3 (12) | 24 (96) | 1 (4) | |||
| Settlement of the practice, n (%) | |||||||||
| Capital city | 64 (97) | 2 (3) | .400 | 60 (90.9) | 6 (9.1) | .114 | 64 (97) | 2 (3) | .287 |
| Regional city | 146 (99.3) | 1 (0.7) | 139 (94.5) | 1 (5.5) | 146 (99.3) | 1 (0.7) | |||
| Small town | 96 (97.9) | 2 (2.1) | 97 (98.9) | 2 (1.1) | 97 (98.9) | 2 (1.1) | |||
| Village | 45 (95.7) | 2 (4.3) | 45 (95.7) | 2 (4.3) | 45 (95.7) | 2 (4.3) | |||
| Number of specialties, n (%) | |||||||||
| One | 275 (97.9) | 6 (2.1) | .885 | 267 (95) | 14 (5) | .899 | 275 (97.9) | 6 (2.1) | .427 |
| Two or more | 76 (98.7) | 1 (1.3) | 74 (96.1) | 3 (3.9) | 77 (100) | 0 (0) | |||
| Type of practice, n (%) | |||||||||
| Solo practice | 312 (98.1) | 6 (1.9) | .792 | 303 (95.3) | 15 (4.7) | .937 | 313 (98.4) | 5 (1.6) | .667 |
| Group practice | 39 (97.5) | 1 (2.5) | 38 (95) | 2 (5) | 39 (97.5) | 1 (2.5) | |||
| Have you had cases of VPD due to delay or refusal?, n (%) | |||||||||
| Yes | 31 (96.9) | 1 (3.1) | .617 | 31 (96.9) | 1 (3.1) | .651 | 31 (96.9) | 1 (3.1) | .310 |
| No | 320 (98.1) | 6 (1.9) | 310 (95.1) | 16 (4.9) | 310 (95.1) | 16 (4.9) | |||
| How often do you recommend non–mandatory vaccine?, n (%) | |||||||||
| Always | 104 (98.1) | 2 (1.9) | .000 * | 104 (98.1) | 2 (1.9) | .000 | 105 (99.1) | 1 (0.9) | .000 * |
| Often | 161 (99.4) | 1 (0.6) | 158 (97.5) | 4 (2.5) | 161 (99.4) | 1 (0.6) | |||
| Rarely | 67 (100) | 0 (0) | 62 (92.5) | 5 (7.5) | 66 (98.5) | 1 (1.5) | |||
| Never | 19 (82.6) | 4 (13.4) | 17 (73.9) | 6 (26.1) | 20 (86.9) | 3 (13.1) | |||
| Have you observed SAEs possibly related to hospitalization? | |||||||||
| Yes | 320 (98.1) | 6 (1.9) | .313 | 310 (95.1) | 16 (4.9) | .258 | 321 (98.5) | 5 (1.5) | .235 |
| No | 31 (96.9) | 1 (3.1) | 31 (96.9) | 1 (3.1) | 31 (96.9) | 1 (3.1) | |||
| Are there more hesitant parents after COVID–19?, n (%) | |||||||||
| Yes | 234 (97.5) | 6 (2.5) | .288 | 226 (94.2) | 14 (5.8) | .169 | 235 (97.9) | 5 (2.1) | .392 |
| No | 117 (99.1) | 1 (0.9) | 115 (97.4) | 3 (2.6) | 117 (99.1) | 1 (0.9) | |||
| Is there a change in parent’s attitudes towards vaccines?, n (%) | |||||||||
| Yes | 150 (97.4) | 4 (2.6) | .446 | 140 (90.9) | 14 (9.1) | .001 | 149 (96.7) | 5 (3.3) | .044 * |
| No | 201 (98.5) | 3 (1.5) | 201 (98.5) | 3 (1.5) | 203 (99.5) | 1 (0.5) | |||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from official authorities (WHO, ECDC) | |||||||||
| Yes | 326 (92.9) | 25 (7.1) | .000 | 318 (93.3) | 23 (6.7) | .001 | 329 (93.5) | 23 (6.5) | .000 |
| No | 4 (57.1) | 3 (42.9) | 12 (70.6) | 5 (17.9) | 1 (16.7) | 5 (83.3) | |||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from Bulgarian official authorities (MoH and others, n (%) | |||||||||
| Yes | 332 (98.8) | 4 (1.2) | .000 | 324 (96.4) | 12 (3.6) | .000 | 334 (99.4) | 2 (0.6) | .000 |
| No | 19 (86.4) | 3 (13.6) | 17 (77.3) | 5 (22.7) | 18 (81.8) | 4 (18.2) | |||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from pharmaceutical companies | |||||||||
| Yes | 309 (99) | 3 (1.0) | .000 | 302 (96.8) | 10 (3.2) | .000 | 311 (99.7) | 1 (0.3) | .000 |
| No | 42 (91.3) | 4 (8.7) | 39 (84.8) | 7 (15.2) | 41 (89.1) | 5 (10.9) | |||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from other GPs, n (%) | |||||||||
| Yes | 325 (98.2) | 6 (1.8) | .495 | 318 (96.1) | 13 (3.9) | .011 | 328 (99.1) | 3 (0.9) | .000 |
| No | 26 (96.3) | 1 (3.7) | 23 (85.2) | 4 (14.8) | 24 (88.9) | 3 (11.1) | |||
| Are there children in your practice which have missed mandatory vaccinations for which they are eligible due to delay or refusal? | |||||||||
| Yes | 209 (97.7) | 5 (2.3) | .525 | 205 (95.8) | 9 (4.2) | .556 | 211 (98.6) | 3 (1.4) | .622 |
| No | 142 (98.6) | 2 (1.4) | 136 (94.4) | 8 (5.6) | 141 (97.9) | 3 (2.1) | |||
| It’s good the vaccines are mandatory |
p–value | All vaccines from the schedule are important |
p–value | I generally approve the Bulgarian immunization calendar |
p–value | Generally, the diseases for which there are mandatory vaccines are dangerous |
p–value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agree | Disagree | Agree | Disagree | Agree | Disagree | Agree | Disagree | |||||
| Gender, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Male | 99 (96.1) | 4(3.9) | .572 | 98 (95.1) | 5 (4.9) | .133 | 89 (86.4) | 14 (13.6) | .006 | 99 (96.1) | 4 (3.9) | .854 |
| Female | 248 (97.2) | 7 (2.8) | 250 (98.0) | 5 (2.0) | 242(94.9) | 13 (5.1) | 244 (95.7) | 11 (4.3) | ||||
| Age groups, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| 31–40 y. | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | .560 | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | .266 | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | .319 | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | .041 |
| 41–50 y. | 53 (96.4) | 2 (3.6) | 53 (96.4) | 2 (3.6) | 52 (94.5) | 3 (5.5) | 49 (89.1) | 6 (10.9) | ||||
| 51–60 y. | 157 (95.7) | 7 (4.3) | 158 (96.3) | 6 (2.7) | 147 (89.6) | 17 (10.4) | 159 (96.9) | 5 (3.1) | ||||
| >61 y. | 122 (98.4) | 2 (1.6) | 123 (99.2) | 1 (0.8) | 118 (95.2) | 6 (4.8) | 121 (97.6) | 3 (2.4) | ||||
| Number of patients in the practice, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| 1–1000 | 60 (95.2) | 3 (4.8) | .833 | 60 (95.2) | 3 (4.8) | .790 | 58 (92.1) | 5 (7.9) | .120 | 58 (92.1) | 5 (7.9) | .121 |
| 1001–2000 | 170 (97.1) | 5 (2.9) | 170 (97.1) | 5 (2.9) | 162 (92.6) | 13 (7.4) | 171 (97.7) | 4 (2.3) | ||||
| 2001–3000 | 85 (96.6) | 3 (3.4) | 86 (97.7) | 2 (2.3) | 82 (93.2) | 6 (6.8) | 84 (95.4) | 4 (4.6) | ||||
| 3001–4000 | 15 (100) | 0 (0) | 15 (100) | 0 (0) | 15 (100) | 0 (0) | 13 (86.7) | 2 (13.3) | ||||
| >4001 | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | 8 (72.7) | 3 (27.3) | 11 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| Number of children in the practice, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| 1–200 | 114(95) | 6 (5.0) | .702 | 112 (93.3) | 8 (6.7) | .321 | 107 (89.2) | 13 (10.8) | .104 | 113 (94.2) | 7 (5.8) | .038* |
| 201–400 | 69 (98.6) | 1 (1.4) | 70 (100) | 0 (0) | 66 (94.3) | 4 (5.7) | 70 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| 401–600 | 63 (96.9) | 2 (3.1) | 64 (98.5) | 1 (1.5) | 63 (96.9) | 2 (3.1) | 63 (96.9) | 2 (3.1) | ||||
| 601–800 | 41 (97.6) | 1 (2.4) | 42 (100) | 0 (0) | 41 (97.6) | 1 (2.4) | 42 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| 801–1000 | 26 (100) | 0 (0) | 26 (100) | 0 (0) | 24 (92.3) | 2 (7.7) | 23 (88.5) | 3 (11.5) | ||||
| >1001 | 29 (96.7) | 1 (3.3) | 29 (96.7) | 1 (3.3) | 25 (83.3) | 5 (16.7) | 27 (90) | 3 (10) | ||||
| Percentage of children in the practice, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| 1–10% | 86 (94.5) | 5 (5.5) | .686 | 85 (93.4) | 6 (6.6) | .093 | 82 (90.1) | 9 (9.9) | .210 | 86 (94.5) | 5 (5.5) | .224 |
| 11–20% | 82 (97.6) | 2 (2.4) | 81 (96.4) | 3 (3.6) | 76 (90.5) | 8 (9.5) | 80 (95.2) | 4 (4.8) | ||||
| 21–30% | 73 (97.3) | 2 (2.7) | 75 (100) | 0 (0) | 72 (96) | 3 (4) | 74 (98.7) | 1 (1.3) | ||||
| 31–40% | 48 (97.9) | 1 (2.1) | 49 (97.9) | 0 (0) | 48 (97.9) | 1 (2.1) | 47 (95.9) | 2 (4.1) | ||||
| 41–50% | 29 (100) | 0 (0) | 29 (100) | 0 (0) | 27 (93.1) | 2 (6.9) | 29 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| 51–100% | 24 (96) | 1 (4) | 24 (96) | 1 (4) | 21 (84) | 4 (16) | 22 (88) | 3 (12) | ||||
| Settlement of the practice, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Capital city | 62 (94) | 4 (6) | .147 | 63 (95.4) | 3 (4.6) | .764 | 63 (95.4) | 3 (4.6) | .574 | 61 (92.4) | 5 (7.6) | .144 |
| Regional city | 146 (99.3) | 1 (0.7) | 144 (97.9) | 3 (2.1) | 137 (93.2) | 3 (6.8) | 139 (99.3) | 3 (0.7) | ||||
| Small town | 94 (95.9) | 4 (4.1) | 95 (96.9) | 3 (3.1) | 89 (90.8) | 3 (9.2) | 97 (99) | 3 (1) | ||||
| Village | 45 (95.7) | 2 (4.3) | 46 (97.9) | 1 (2.1) | 42 (89.4) | 1 (10.6) | 46 (97.9) | 1 (2.1) | ||||
| Number of specialties, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| One | 272 (97.9) | 9 (2.1) | .947 | 272 (97.9) | 9 (2.1) | .655 | 257 (91.4) | 24 (8.6) | .373 | 268 (95.4) | 13 (4.6) | .864 |
| Two or more | 75 (97.4) | 2 (2.6) | 76 (98.7) | 1 (1.3) | 74 (96.1) | 3 (3.9) | 75 (97.4) | 3 (2.6) | ||||
| Type of practice, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Solo practice | 308 (96.8) | 10 (3.2) | .824 | 309 (97.2) | 9 (2.8) | .905 | 295 (92.8) | 23 (7.2) | .532 | 304 (95.6) | 14 (4.4) | .571 |
| Group practice | 39 (97.5) | 1 (2.5) | 39 (97.5) | 1 (2.5) | 36 (90) | 4 (10) | 39 (97.5) | 1 (2.5) | ||||
| Have you had cases of VPD due to delay or refusal?, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 30 (93.7) | 2 (6.3) | .275 | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | .315 | 29 (90.6) | 3 (9.4) | .681 | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | .215 |
| No | 317 (97.2) | 9 (2.8) | 316 (96.9) | 10 (3.1) | 302 (92.6) | 24 (7.4) | 311 (95.4) | 15 (4.6) | ||||
| How often do you recommend non–mandatory vaccine?, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Always | 105 (99.0) | 1 (1.0) | .000* | 104 (98.1) | 2 (1.9) | .000* | 102 (96.2) | 4 (3.8) | .000 | 102 (96.2) | 4 (3.8) | .036* |
| Often | 159 (98.1) | 3 (1.9) | 161 (99.4) | 1 (0.6) | 155 (95.7) | 7 (4.3) | 159 (98.1) | 3 (1.9) | ||||
| Rarely | 65 (97.0) | 2 (3.0) | 64 (95.5) | 3 (4.5) | 58 (85.6) | 9 (14.4) | 62 (92.5) | 5 (7.5) | ||||
| Never | 18 (78.3) | 5 (21.7) | 19 (82.6) | 4 (17.4) | 16 (69.6) | 7 (30.4) | 20 (86.9) | 3 (13.1) | ||||
| Have you observed SAEs possibly related to hospitalization?, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 317 (97.2) | 9 (2.8) | .275 | 316 (96.9) | 10 (3.1) | .315 | 302 (92.6) | 24 (7.4) | .681 | 311 (95.4) | 15 (4.6) | .215 |
| No | 30 (93.7) | 2 (6.3) | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | 29 (90.6) | 3 (9.4) | 32 (100) | 0 (0) | ||||
| Are there more hesitant parents after COVID–19?, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 230 (95.8) | 10 (4.2) | .087 | 232 (96.7) | 8 (3.3) | .377 | 219 (91.2) | 21 (8.8) | .217 | 230 (95.8) | 10 (4.2) | .975 |
| No | 117 (99.1) | 1 (0.9) | 116 (98.3) | 2 (1.7) | 112 (94.9) | 6 (5.1) | 113 (95.8) | 5 (4.2) | ||||
| Is there a change in parent’s attitudes towards vaccines?, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 146 (94.8) | 8 (5.2) | .043 | 148 (96.1) | 6 (3.9) | .271 | 141 (91.5) | 13 (8.5) | .575 | 149 (96.7) | 5 (3.3) | .439 |
| No | 201 (98.5) | 3 (1.5) | 200 (98.0) | 4 (2.0) | 190 (93.1) | 14 (6.9) | 194 (95.1) | 10 (4.9) | ||||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from official authorities (WHO, ECDC) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 325 (93.7) | 22 (6.3) | .000 | 326 (93.7) | 22 (6.3) | .000 | 309 (93.4) | 22 (6.6) | .004 | 317 (92.4) | 26 (7.6) | .417 |
| No | 5 (45.5) | 6 (54.5) | 4 (40) | 6 (60) | 21 (77.8) | 6 (22.2) | 13 (86.7) | 2 (13.3) | ||||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from Bulgarian official authorities (MoH and others),n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 331 (98.5) | 5 (1.5) | .000 | 330 (98.2) | 6 (1.8) | .000 | 314 (93.4) | 22 (6.6) | .005 | 322 (95.8) | 14 (4.2) | .932 |
| No | 16 (72.7) | 6 (27.3) | 18 (81.8) | 4 (18.2) | 17 (77.3) | 5 (22.7) | 21 (95.4) | 1 (4.6) | ||||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from pharmaceutical companies, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 308 (98.7) | 4 (1.3) | .000 | 309 (99.0) | 3 (1.0) | .000 | 294 (94.2) | 18 (5.8) | .001 | 299 (95.8) | 13 (4.2) | .954 |
| No | 39 (84.8) | 7 (15.2) | 39 (84.8) | 7 (15.2) | 37 (80.4) | 9 (19.6) | 44 (95.6) | 2 (4.4) | ||||
| I have trust in the information on vaccines from other GPs, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 324 (97.9) | 7 (2.1) | .000 | 325 (98.2) | 6 (1.8) | .000 | 307 (92.7) | 24 (7.3) | .465 | 318 (96.1) | 13 (3.9) | .386 |
| No | 23 (85.2) | 4 (14.8) | 23 (85.2) | 4 (14.8) | 24 (88.9) | 3 (11.1) | 25 (92.6) | 2 (7.4) | ||||
| Are there children in your practice which have missed mandatory vaccinations for which they are eligible due to delay or refusal? | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 210 (98.1) | 4 (1.9) | .108 | 209 (97.7) | 5 (2.3) | .523 | 197 (92.0) | 17 (8.0) | .725 | 203 (94.8) | 11 (5.2) | .274 |
| No | 137 (95.1) | 7 (4.9) | 139 (96.5) | 5 (3.5) | 134 (93.0) | 10 (7.0) | 140 (97.2) | 4 (2.8) | ||||
*More than 25 % of cells have expected couts less than 5