Pharmacodynamic model representation for time-kill experiments. B, total bacterial population; K
G
, growth rate; ARoff and ARon, states of adaptation; K
on, adaptation rate. Emax, maximum bactericidal effect (reduced proportionally to ARon until reaching a residual drug effect); EC50, concentration for which effect is 50% of Emax; γ, power parameter for effect. The GPDI model was implemented to describe the interaction between CZA and CST (see Materials and Methods) (42).