Table 3.

Association between childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and indicators of proximity to vines, depending on the presence of KMT2A transcript and by the presence of ETV6/RUNX1 transcript or of hyperdiploidy $>50$ chromosomes and the absence of these cytogenetic events (GEOCAP inclusions 2006–2013, GIS-based assessment of exposure based on RPG and CLC).

	Controls ($n=\mathrm{40,196}$)	ALL with KMT2A ($n=121$)			ALL with ETV6/RUNX1 or $\text{hyperdiploidy}>50$ ($n=\mathrm{1,290}$)			ALL with none of the cytogenetic events ($n=\mathrm{1,397}$)
	[$n$ (%)]	$n$ (%)	ORa (95% CI)	$p$ b	$n$ (%)	ORa (95% CI)	$p$ b	$n$ (%)	ORa (95% CI)	$p$ b
Presence of vines within $\mathrm{1,000}\mathrm{m}$
No vines and no other crops	9,664 (24.0)	31 (25.6)	1 (Ref)	—	290 (22.5)	1 (Ref)	—	327 (23.4)	1 (Ref)	—
No vines but other cropsc	26,517 (66.0)	76 (62.8)	0.96 (0.63, 1.46)	—	873 (67.7)	1.14 (0.99, 1.30)	—	938 (67.1)	1.04 (0.92, 1.19)	—
Presence of vinesd	4,015 (10.0)	14 (11.6)	1.19 (0.63, 2.24)	—	127 (9.8)	1.12 (0.91, 1.39)	—	132 (9.4)	0.97 (0.79, 1.20)	—
Density of vines within $\mathrm{1,000}\mathrm{m}$e
RPG and CLC (sensible indicator)	—	—	1.13 (0.94, 1.35)	0.09	—	1.04 (0.97, 1.11)	0.16	—	1.03 (0.96, 1.10)	0.23
RPG only (specific indicator)	—	—	1.39 (0.92, 2.11)	0.06	—	1.13 (0.94, 1.36)	0.10	—	1.10 (0.92, 1.31)	0.14

Note: 280 (9%) cases were excluded because cytogenetic information was missing. —, no data; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CI, confidence interval; CLC, Corine Land Cover; OR, odds ratio; Ref, reference; RPG, Graphic Parcel Register.

^a OR and 95% CI estimated by unconditional logistic regression adjusted for age.

^b One-sided $p$-values for the slope parameter in the quantitative analyses with the density of vines within $\mathrm{1,000}\mathrm{m}$.

^c At least one plot identified by RPG or CLC with a crop different from viticulture.

^d At least one vine plot identified by RPG or CLC.

^e OR associated with a 10% increase in viticulture density.