Table 4.
Odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for metabolic syndrome and its components according to sleep duration in the FiLWHEL study
| Variable | Odds ratios (95% CIs) (hr/day) | P trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 5 | 5–6 | 7–8 | > 8 | ||
| Waist circumferences ( ≥ 88 cm) | |||||
| No. of cases/total | 9/61 | 26/142 | 26/157 | 4/32 | |
| Multivariate adjusted* | 0.62 (0.26–1.49) | 0.98 (0.52–1.82) | 1 | 0.84 (0.26–2.70) | 0.480 |
| Fasting glucose ( > 110 mg/dL) | |||||
| No. of cases/total | 8/61 | 18/142 | 11/157 | 5/32 | |
| Multivariate adjusted* | 1.68 (0.59–4.77) | 1.91 (0.83–4.39) | 1 | 2.12 (0.62–7.21) | 0.563 |
| HDL-C ( < 50 mg/dL) | |||||
| No. of cases/total | 13/61 | 41/142 | 40/157 | 13/32 | |
| Multivariate adjusted* | 0.90 (0.43–1.87) | 1.24 (0.73–2.09) | 1 | 1.97 (0.87–4.49) | 0.404 |
| Triglycerides ( ≥ 150 mg/dL) | |||||
| No. of cases/total | 4/61 | 14/142 | 13/157 | 8/32 | |
| Multivariate adjusted* | 0.66 (0.19–2.26) | 1.11 (0.48–2.58) | 1 | 4.47 (1.52–13.21) | 0.033 |
| High blood pressure† | |||||
| No. of cases/total | 8/61 | 53/142 | 35/157 | 7/32 | |
| Multivariate adjusted* | 0.37 (0.14–0.97) | 2.28 (1.26–4.12) | 1 | 1.02 (0.34–3.06) | 0.682 |
| Metabolic syndrome‡ | |||||
| No. of cases/total | 3/61 | 18/142 | 10/157 | 3/32 | |
| Multivariate adjusted* | 0.58 (0.14–2.33) | 2.11 (0.90–4.95) | 1 | 1.43 (0.33–6.22) | 0.884 |
*Models were adjusted for age (years, continuous), education (associate vocational or less, college graduate or more), vigorous activity (yes, no), smoking (never, ever), health-related quality of life (continuous), coffee intake (< 0.5, 0.5–< 2, ≥ 2 cups/day), carbohydrate intake (g/day, continuous), and energy intake (kcal/day, continuous); †High blood pressure was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg, or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg; ‡Metabolic syndrome was defined as the co-existence of three or more of the following five criteria from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III); waist circumferences ≥ 88 cm, HDL-C ≤ 50 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL, systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg (hypertension), and fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL.
FiLWHEL, Filipino Women’s Diet and Health Study; CI, confidence interval; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.