Table 5.
Least squares means and 95% confidence intervals for circulating levels of triglycerides and cholesterol according to sleep duration and other factors in the FiLWHEL study
| Variable | LS means (95% CI) (hr/day)* | P trend | P interaction | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <5 | 5–6 | 6–7 | >8 | |||
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | ||||||
| Age (yr)† | 0.244 | |||||
| ≤ 33 (n =189) | 73.74 (60.47–89.92) | 80.74 (70.03–93.09) | 81.25 (71.16–92.76) | 96.90 (76.16–123.28) | 0.124 | |
| > 33 (n =212) | 87.61 (71.87–106.81) | 89.06 (75.10–105.62) | 88.48 (73.81–106.06) | 114.79 (86.81–151.79) | 0.242 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.182 | |||||
| < 25 (n =282) | 71.81 (61.02–84.51) | 71.63 (62.63–81.92) | 79.15 (70.07–89.41) | 92.65 (74.78–114.80) | 0.016 | |
| ≥ 25 (n =119) | 100.28 (78.65–127.87) | 109.17 (91.51–130.24) | 98.45 (79.47–121.96) | 117.72 (85.56–161.97) | 0.822 | |
| Energy (kcal)‡ | 0.328 | |||||
| ≤ 1,635 (n =199) | 85.93 (70.35–104.96) | 78.81 (68.17–91.12) | 86.14 (75.01–98.92) | 101.92 (81.84–126.93) | 0.156 | |
| > 1,635 (n =202) | 79.14 (65.33–95.87) | 92.12 (78.55–108.03) | 86.75 (74.00–101.70) | 111.40 (82.39–150.62) | 0.164 | |
| Current alcohol drinker | 0.048 | |||||
| Yes (n =157) | 72.81 (61.60–86.05) | 82.96 (73.10–94.15) | 83.03 (73.15–94.26) | 106.24 (84.02–134.33) | 0.025 | |
| No (n =244) | 105.59 (78.72–141.63) | 93.84 (73.10–120.47) | 96.63 (76.20–122.53) | 113.83 (81.75–158.49) | 0.797 | |
| Ever smoker‡ | 0.212 | |||||
| Yes (n =36) | 74.34 (65.45–84.43) | 74.24 (67.98–81.08) | 77.16 (71.07–83.76) | 90.73 (76.92–107.02) | 0.081 | |
| No (n =365) | 77.83 (50.39–120.21) | 90.32 (64.43–126.61) | 91.50 (66.12–126.62) | 110.24 (50.05–242.80) | 0.447 | |
| Total cholesterols (mg/dL) | ||||||
| Age (yr)† | 0.425 | |||||
| ≤ 33 (n =189) | 164.68 (151.96–178.46) | 171.80 (162.18–182.00) | 174.88 (165.74–184.53) | 180.79 (163.98–199.30) | 0.097 | |
| > 33 (n =212) | 180.88 (166.15–196.92) | 183.22 (170.30–197.11) | 182.67 (169.01–197.44) | 196.69 (174.48–221.72) | 0.364 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.672 | |||||
| < 25 (n =282) | 173.87 (161.98–186.63) | 177.65 (167.57–188.33) | 183.60 (174.11–193.59) | 187.57 (170.87–205.90) | 0.404 | |
| ≥ 25 (n =119) | 174.37 (158.44–191.90) | 185.89 (173.40–199.28) | 177.86 (163.46–193.52) | 191.09 (168.50–216.70) | 0.542 | |
| Energy (kcal)‡ | 0.937 | |||||
| ≤ 1,635 (n =199) | 187.18 (172.15–203.53) | 186.60 (175.60–198.27) | 188.73 (178.12–199.98) | 192.07 (175.21–210.54) | 0.329 | |
| > 1,635 (n =202) | 167.12 (154.47–180.82) | 176.61 (165.43–188.56) | 176.91 (165.73–188.85) | 186.53 (164.79–211.13) | 0.107 | |
| Current alcohol drinker | 0.930 | |||||
| Yes (n =157) | 177.94 (166.28–190.42) | 180.07 (171.07–189.55) | 179.74 (170.74–189.22) | 190.56 (173.27–209.58) | 0.390 | |
| No (n =244) | 165.67 (145.53–188.60) | 177.98 (159.40–198.72) | 182.72 (164.54–202.91) | 187.24 (161.79–216.70) | 0.032 | |
| Ever smoker‡ | 0.821 | |||||
| Yes (n =36) | 166.71 (157.86–176.07) | 171.82 (165.45–178.43) | 175.00 (168.94–181.27) | 177.34 (165.23–190.35) | 0.081 | |
| No (n =365) | 183.11 (153.77–218.04) | 198.79 (173.56–227.67) | 171.15 (150.21–195.00) | 236.97 (172.57–325.41) | 0.928 | |
*Models were adjusted for age (years, continuous), education (associate vocational or less, college graduate or more), vigorous activity (yes, no), smoking (never, ever), health-related quality of life (continuous), coffee intake (< 0.5, 0.5–< 2, ≥ 2 cups/day), carbohydrate intake (g/day, continuous), and energy intake (kcal/day, continuous); †Continuous variables were dichotomized based on median values; ‡Models were adjusted for age (years, continuous), education (associate vocational or less, college graduate or more), vigorous activity (yes, no), health-related quality of life (continuous), coffee intake (< 0.5, 0.5–< 2, ≥ 2 cups/day), carbohydrate intake (g/day, continuous), and energy intake (kcal/day, continuous).
FiLWHEL, Filipino Women’s Diet and Health Study; LS, least square; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index.