Table 1.
Characteristics, left atrial geometry, and fibrosis assessment among 78 patients with long-standing persistent AF at Stage I.
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Sex, no. (male/female) | 78 (36/42) |
| Age, years | 55.9±9.9 |
| BMI-kg/m2 | 22.6±3.6 |
| NYHA Class | |
| II, no. (%) | 4 (5.1) |
| III, no. (%) | 62 (79.5) |
| IV, no. (%) | 12 (15.4) |
| Mitral stenosis, no. (%) | 5 (6.4) |
| Mitral regurgitation, no. (%) | 12 (15.4) |
| Mitral stenosis+regurgitation, no. (%) | 26 (33.3) |
| Double or triple valve lesions, no. (%) | 35 (44.9) |
| Mitral etiology | |
| Rheumatic, no. (%) | 66 (84.6) |
| Degenerative, no. (%) | 12 (15.4) |
| Comorbidity | |
| Hypertension, no. (%) | 7 (9.0) |
| Diabetes, no. (%) | 5 (6.4) |
| Chronic renal failure, no. (%) | 3 (3.8) |
| Prior cerebrovascular accident, no. (%) | 8 (10.3) |
| Mitral surgery | |
| Repair, no. (%) | 10 (12.8) |
| Replacement, no. (%) | 68 (87.2) |
| Concomitant procedures | |
| Aortic valve replacement, no. (%) | 22 (28.2) |
| Tricuspid repair, no. (%) | 27 (34.6) |
| Left atrial geometry assessment | |
| Diameter | |
| Anteroposterior (AP) | 54.7±11.2 |
| Transversal (T) | 56.7±12.4 |
| Superoinferior (SI) | 70.1±11.7 |
| Growth rate (%)* | |
| Anteroposterior (AP) | 86.5±38.2 |
| Transversal (T) | 85.5±38.5 |
| Superoinferior (SI) | 70.1±28.4 |
| Fibrosis assessment | |
| Appendage (%) | 28.0±9.3 |
| Roof (%) | 38.2±14.0 |
| Left side wall (%) | 35.4±15.8 |
| Right side wall (%) | 38.8±10.9 |
| Inferior wall (%) | 37.9±15.8 |
| Isthmus (%) | 37.8±11.3 |
| Central pulmonary veins island (%) | 51.3±13.7 |
*
P value for growth rate: p (AP versus T)=0.860; p (AP versus SI)=0.004; p (T versus SI)=0.007.