Table 4.
Nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy (TMEn) values and metabolizable energy (ME) estimates of frozen and freeze-dried raw dog foods using conventional roosters
| Item | Traditional freeze-dried nuggets | Hybrid freeze-dried nuggets | Frozen nuggets | SEM1 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TMEn, kcal/g | 6.11a | 5.31b | 5.92a | 0.15 | 0.0127 |
| ME (Atwater values)2, kcal/g | 6.06 | 5.08 | 6.00 | ||
| ME (modified Atwater values)3, kcal/g | 5.61 | 4.65 | 5.56 | ||
| ME (NRC equation)4, kcal/g | 6.52 | 5.51 | 6.42 | ||
| TMEn/GE, % | 82.07 | 86.06 | 79.74 | 2.03 | 0.1282 |
1Pooled standard error of the mean.
2ME (Atwater values; kcal/g) = [(4 × CP in DM) + (9 × AHF in DM) + (4 × NFE in DM)]/100.
3ME (modified Atwater values; kcal/g) = [(3.5 × CP in DM) + (8.5 × AHF in DM) + (3.5 × NFE in DM)]/100.
4ME (NRC, 2006 equation): Gross energy (GE) (kcal) = (5.7 × % CP in DM) + (9.4 × % AHF in DM) + [4.1 × (% NFE + % TDF in DM)]; Energy digestibility (ED) (%): 96.6 – (0.95 × % TDF in DM); Digestible energy (DE): (kcal GE × ED)/100; ME (NRC) (kcal/g) = [kcal DE – (1.04 × % CP in DM)]/100.
a,bWithin a row, means lacking a common superscript differ (P < 0.05); n = 4 roosters per treatment.