Table 3.

$p$-Values for interaction terms between tree cover and each covariate.

Potential effect modifier (Covariatea)	Groups	Exposure (tree coverb)
		$500\text{-m}$ buffer	$\mathrm{2,000}\text{-m}$ buffer
		$p$-Values for interaction	$p$-Values for interaction
Age (y)	$<55$ (Ref.), 55–64, $\ge 65$	0.567	0.309
Race and ethnicity (baseline)	Non-Hispanic White (Ref), Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, Other race and ethnicity	0.816	0.600
Marital status	Never (Ref), Married, Divorced/Separated, Widowed	0.164	0.305
Education (baseline)	High school or less (referent), Associate/College or so, Bachelor, Graduate	0.698	0.928
Employment status	Retired (Ref), Homemaker/Student, Unable to work, Unemployment, Working	0.133	0.230
Household income (USD)	$<\$\mathrm{50,000}$ (Ref), $\$\mathrm{50,000}–\$\mathrm{99,999}$, $\ge \$\mathrm{100,000}$	0.601	0.259
Use of depression medication	No (Ref), Yes	0.521	0.381
HOLC graded	A (Ref), B, C, D	0.088	0.096

Note: HOLC, Home Owners’ Loan Corporation; Ref, referent.

^a Obtained mostly from the same survey period (2008–2012 follow-up) as the health outcome from the Sister Study for 3,555 participants used in this analysis, unless otherwise stated as baseline (2003–2008).

^b Estimated using 2011 U.S. Forest Service Percent Tree Canopy.

^c Estimated using generalized linear mixed effect model with climate zone as the random effect with adjustment for age, self-reported race/ethnicity, marital status, educational attainment, employment status, income, and use of depression medication.

^d Used for stratification in this analysis.