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. 2023 Jun 30;53(2):120–128. doi: 10.28920/dhm53.2.120-128

Table 2. Main post-measurement characteristics of the two study groups; data are mean (SD) for normally divided parameters and median (IQR, µ = mean) for non-normal parameters; DLCO − diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide; FEV1 – forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC – forced vital capacity; HRmax – maximum heart rate; IQR – interquartile range; SD – standard deviation; TLC – total lung capacity; VC – vital capacity; eVO2max − estimated maximum rate of oxygen consumption .

Parameter COVID+ (n = 51) CONTROL (n = 125) P
Age 31.0 (IQR 9, μ = 33.9) 32.0 (IQR 10, μ = 34.5) 0.609
Years since previous medical 1.50 (IQR 1.75, μ = 2.17) 1.00 (IQR 1.00, μ = 1.69) 0.023
n 51 124
Months since infection 1.0 (IQR 2.0, μ = 2.5) N/A N/A
Weight (kg) 87.4 (SD 12.3) 86.6 (SD 11.6) 0.773
Body mass index (kg·m-2) 26.3 (IQR 3.4, μ = 25.9) 25.4 (IQR 3.4, μ = 25.6) 0.340
Fat percentage 18.4 (IQR 4.4, μ = 18.0) 16.8 (IQR 6.2, μ = 17.5) 0.165
n 47 117
Δ Fat percentage 2.1 (SD 3.1) 0.6 (SD 2.4) 0.002
n 46 105
FEV1 (L) 4.62 (SD 0.57) 4.62 (SD 0.57) 0.953
n 50 123
FEV1 Z-score -0.04 (SD 0.81) -0.13 (SD 0.74) 0.476
n 50 123
ΔFEV1 (L) -0.01 (SD 0.31 -0.12 (SD 0.21) 0.023
n 50 121
FVC (L) 5.94 (SD 0.75) 5.92 (SD 0.72) 0.898
n 50 123
FVC Z-score 0.31 (SD 0.78) 0.17 (SD 0.80) 0.320
n 50 123
FEV1/FVC 77.76 (SD 5.67) 78.25 (SD 5.17) 0.583
n 50 123
FEV1/FVC Z-score -0.58 (SD 0.82) -0.51 (SD 0.76) 0.619
n 50 123
RV (L) 1.59 (SD 0.39) 1.56 (SD 0.45) 0.815
n 50 13
VCmax (L) 6.04 (SD 0.77) 6.08 (SD 1.00) 0.891
n 50 13
TLC (L) 7.62 (SD 0.95) 7.63 (SD 1.24) 0.959
n 50 13
DLCO (mmol·min-1·kPa-1) 11.26 (SD 1.69) 11.70 (SD 2.66) 0.519
n 50 18
Wmax (Watt) 320 (SD 53) 328 (SD 44) 0.325
n 51 119
eVO2-max (ml·kg-1·min-1) 42.41 (IQR 4.88, μ = 42.23) 42.20 (IQR 6.74, μ = 43.35) 0.435
n 46 118
Δ eVO2-max (ml·kg-1·min-1) -0.99 (IQR 5.93, μ = -1.57) 0.13 (IQR 3.12, μ = 0.22) 0.020
n 50 115
% change eVO2-max -2.4% (IQR 13.9, μ = -3.0) 0.3% (IQR 7.3, μ = 0.59) 0.028
Categorial % change eVO2-max
>-10% 12 (24%) 9 (7.8%) 0.004
-10 to 0% 18 (36%) 39 (33.9%) 0.795
0 to 10% 17 (34%) 58 (50.4%) 0.053
>10% 3 (6%) 9 (7.8%) 0.683
HRmax (beats·min-1) 185 (IQR 16, μ = 183) 184 (IQR 11, μ = 183) 0.742
n 51 118