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. 2023 Sep 13;622(7983):637–645. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06510-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a, Frag1-like domains. Three clusters were found enriched for the Frag1 Pfam annotation that had structural similarity to one cluster enriched for a domain of unknown significance (DUF998) and one cluster without annotations. b, Anthrax_toxA-like domains. A cluster enriched for the anthrax_toxA Pfam annotation was found with structural similarity to a cluster with no annotations. c, Two clusters without annotations were found with structural similarity to a cluster enriched for the gasdermin Pfam annotations. Cluster 2 gasdermin N-terminal domain structures reveal homology to human gasdermin E. The corresponding structural characteristics are highlighted. Some gasdermin domains were found fused to protease domains (UniProt: A0A2C5ZLK3). The bacterial gasdermin structure (PDB: 7N51) is similar to novel gasdermin domains from non-annotated cluster 2. The third cluster revealed homology to both animal and bacterial gasdermins.