Table 4.

Pooled analysis of the secondary outcome—feeling in the morning after study night (“How do you feel now?”)

Study	N: 0–60	N: 60–0	Median difference (95% CI)	p Value	Test statistic	Carry-over effect p value
Pooled analysis	133	141	2 (2; 2.5)	< 0.0001	2423	0.10
Pooled analysis without Herzog et al. (2019) [9]	99	105	2 (1.5; 2.5)	< 0.0001	1551	0.20
Schmidt et al. (2013) [15]	36	38	2 (1; 2.5)	< 0.0001	225	0.23
Schmidt et al. (2015) [14]	28	32	1.5 (1; 2.5)	< 0.0001	142	0.88
Herzog et al. (2019) [9]	34	36	2.5 (2; 3.5)	< 0.0001	103.5	0.24
Schmidt et al. (2021) [16]	35	35	2 (1.5; 3)	< 0.0001	148	0.29

Statistically significant p values < 0.05 are in bold

Results were derived from two sample Wilcoxon rank sum tests comparing the two different noise sequences (0–60 vs. 60–0 simulated noise events). CI Confidence interval