Table 3.
Linear mixed-effects models of clinical determinants of chest proportions, i.e. anterior–posterior chest diameter/height ratio (APC-height ratio), in three separate age groups of children with infantile nephropathic cystinosis and CKD controls
| INC group | CKD group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | 2–6 years N = 32 |
7–12 years N = 29 |
13–17 years N = 31 |
2–6 years N = 77 |
7–12 years N = 100 |
13–17 years N = 44 |
| Intercept | 23.42 (6.61 to 40.24)b | 8.53 (− 10.36 to 27.41) | 0.49 (− 17.38 to 18.35) | − 10.83 (− 34.96 to 13.30) | 8.50 (− 4.37 to 21.36) | − 2.29 (− 35.97 to 31.38) |
| Hemoglobin | 0.17 (− 0.30 to 0.63) | 0.33 (− 0.08 to 0.74) | − 0.08 (− 0.33 to 0.17) | − 0.38 (− 0.73 to − 0.03)a | − 0.03 (− 0.20 to 0.13) | 0.16 (− 0.19 to 0.52) |
| HCO3 | 0.05 (− 0.13 to 0.24) | − 0.29 (− 0.50 to − 0.08)a | 0.11 (− 0.13 to 0.35) | − 0.15 (− 0.41 to 0.10) | − 0.10 (− 0.19 to 0.00) | − 0.08 (− 0.29 to 0.13) |
| Sodium | − 0.17 (− 0.30 to − 0.04)a | − 0.04 (− 0.17 to 0.09) | − 0.02 (− 0.14 to 0.10) | 0.12 (− 0.06 to 0.29) | − 0.04 (− 0.13 to 0.06) | − 0.02 (− 0.25 to 0.21) |
| Potassium | 0.10 (− 0.65 to 0.85) | 0.57 (− 0.53 to 1.68) | 0.39 (− 0.67 to 1.45) | 0.74 (− 0.20 to 1.67) | − 0.07 (− 0.49 to 0.35) | 1.06 (− 0.00 to 2.11) |
| Calcium | − 0.16 (− 0.67 to 0.35) | 0.43 (− 0.24 to 1.11) | 0.21 (− 0.21 to 0.64) | 0.30 (− 0.14 to 0.73) | − 0.12 (− 0.29 to 0.06) | 0.22 (− 0.31 to 0.76) |
| Phosphate | − 0.37 (− 0.73 to − 0.02)a | − 0.63 (− 1.06 to − 0.20)b | 0.21 (− 0.03 to 0.46) | − 0.08 (− 0.59 to 0.44) | − 0.03 (− 0.23 to 0.16) | 0.26 (− 0.10 to 0.63) |
| PTH (*100) | 0.49 (− 0.21 to 1.19) | 0.47 (0.05 to 0.89)a | 0.09 (− 0.27 to 0.44) | − 0.13 (− 1.12 to 0.85) | 0.15 (− 0.26 to 0.56) | − 0.02 (− 0.62 to 0.57) |
| eGFR (*100) | − 2.71 (− 4.45 to − 0.97)b | − 1.89 (− 4.73 to 0.94) | 0.97 (− 1.39 to 3.34) | − 0.45 (− 2.58 to 1.68) | 0.20 (− 0.89 to 1.28) | 0.73 (− 2.81 to 4.27) |
Data are presented as β-values (95% confidence intervals)
N describes the number of measurements per age subgroup; patients were examined multiple times within age groups; For estimations of effects of calcium and phosphate, z-scores were used
Algebraic sign in β-values expresses positive ( +) or negative (–) association e.g. “-0.17” for sodium in the 2–6 year old INC group represents lower sodium levels to be associated with higher APC-height ratio
a p < 0.05; b p < 0.01